Abstract：
The International Judo Federation (IJF) implemented new regulations in an attempt to regulate rapid weight loss in 2013. The body weight of the athletes cannot be more than 5% higher than the upper limits of their weight categories at the weight check for randomly selected athletes from each weight category before the competition. However, therea lack of studies demonstrating rapid weight loss and hydration status of elite judo athletes in a real match atmosphere under the current refereeing rules. Thus, this study aimed to examine the body mass and hydration changes of elite judo athletes a week before the competition, official weigh-in, and 24 hours after competition.
Eight high-level male judo athletes voluntarily participated in this study. Body mass and urinary measures of hydration status were collected a week before, at the official weigh-in and 24-hour post-weigh-in.
The one-way repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant main effect of time on body mass (p < 0.001). Body mass decreased by 5.4 ± 0.7 kg or 6.8% from a week before the competition to official weigh-in (p < 0.001) and increased by 3.0 ± 1.1 kg or 4.2% from official weigh-in to 24-h post-competition (p < 0.001). A significant effect of time was also found in both urine-specific gravity (USG) (p < 0.001) and urine color (UC) among the measurements (p = 0.001). Athletes\' USG values were at the highest level (USG = 1.030 ± 0.001) at the official weigh-in, while they decreased significantly at 24-hour post-competition (USG = 1.017 ± 0.007).
The results showed that elite judo athletes resort to rapid weight loss and present dehydration despite established regulations by the IJF.
Eight high-level male judo athletes voluntarily participated in this study. Body mass and urinary measures of hydration status were collected a week before, at the official weigh-in and 24-hour post-weigh-in.
The one-way repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant main effect of time on body mass (p < 0.001). Body mass decreased by 5.4 ± 0.7 kg or 6.8% from a week before the competition to official weigh-in (p < 0.001) and increased by 3.0 ± 1.1 kg or 4.2% from official weigh-in to 24-h post-competition (p < 0.001). A significant effect of time was also found in both urine-specific gravity (USG) (p < 0.001) and urine color (UC) among the measurements (p = 0.001). Athletes\' USG values were at the highest level (USG = 1.030 ± 0.001) at the official weigh-in, while they decreased significantly at 24-hour post-competition (USG = 1.017 ± 0.007).
The results showed that elite judo athletes resort to rapid weight loss and present dehydration despite established regulations by the IJF.
摘要：
■国际柔道联合会（IJF）在2013年实施了新规定，试图规范快速减肥。在比赛前从每个体重类别中随机选择的运动员的体重检查中，运动员的体重不能比其体重类别的上限高5％以上。然而,缺乏研究证明在当前裁判规则下，柔道精英运动员在真实比赛氛围中快速减肥和水合状态。因此，这项研究旨在检查优秀柔道运动员在比赛前一周的体重和水分变化，官方称重，比赛后24小时。
■8名高水平男子柔道运动员自愿参加本研究。一周前收集身体质量和尿液的水合状态测量值，在官方称重和24小时称重后。
■单向重复测量方差分析显示时间对体重的显着主要影响（p<0.001）。从比赛前一周到正式称重，体重下降了5.4±0.7kg或6.8％（p<0.001），从正式称重到比赛后24小时增加了3.0±1.1kg或4.2％（p<0.001）。在测量结果中,在尿比重(USG)(p<0.001)和尿颜色(UC)(p=0.001)中也发现了时间的显著影响。运动员的USG值在官方称重时处于最高水平（USG=1.030±0.001），而在比赛后24小时显着下降（USG=1.017±0.007）。
■结果表明，尽管IJF制定了规定，但优秀的柔道运动员还是会迅速减肥并出现脱水。
■8名高水平男子柔道运动员自愿参加本研究。一周前收集身体质量和尿液的水合状态测量值，在官方称重和24小时称重后。
■单向重复测量方差分析显示时间对体重的显着主要影响（p<0.001）。从比赛前一周到正式称重，体重下降了5.4±0.7kg或6.8％（p<0.001），从正式称重到比赛后24小时增加了3.0±1.1kg或4.2％（p<0.001）。在测量结果中,在尿比重(USG)(p<0.001)和尿颜色(UC)(p=0.001)中也发现了时间的显著影响。运动员的USG值在官方称重时处于最高水平（USG=1.030±0.001），而在比赛后24小时显着下降（USG=1.017±0.007）。
■结果表明，尽管IJF制定了规定，但优秀的柔道运动员还是会迅速减肥并出现脱水。
