Abstract：
Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are a group of bacteria that can oxidize many substrates such as alcohols and sugar alcohols and play important roles in industrial biotechnology. A majority of industrial processes that involve AAB are related to their dehydrogenases, including PQQ/FAD-dependent membrane-bound dehydrogenases and NAD(P)+-dependent cytoplasmic dehydrogenases. These cofactor-dependent dehydrogenases must effectively regenerate their cofactors in order to function continuously. For PQQ, FAD and NAD(P)+ alike, regeneration is directly or indirectly related to the electron transport chain (ETC) of AAB, which plays an important role in energy generation for aerobic cell growth. Furthermore, in changeable natural habitats, ETC components of AAB can be regulated so that the bacteria survive in different environments. Herein, the progressive cascade in an application of AAB, including key dehydrogenases involved in the application, regeneration of dehydrogenase cofactors, ETC coupling with cofactor regeneration and ETC regulation, is systematically reviewed and discussed. As they have great application value, a deep understanding of the mechanisms through which AAB function will not only promote their utilization and development but also provide a reference for engineering of other industrial strains.
摘要：
乙酸细菌(aceticacidbacteria,AAB)是一类能氧化醇类、糖醇等多种底物的细菌,在工业生物技术中发挥着重要作用。涉及AAB的大多数工业过程与其脱氢酶有关，包括PQQ/FAD依赖性膜结合脱氢酶和NAD（P）依赖性细胞质脱氢酶。这些辅因子依赖性脱氢酶必须有效地再生它们的辅因子以便连续地起作用。对于PQQ，FAD和NAD(P)+一样，再生与AAB的电子传递链（ETC）直接或间接相关，在有氧细胞生长的能量产生中起着重要作用。此外，在多变的自然栖息地，可以调节AAB的ETC成分，使细菌在不同的环境中存活。在这里，AAB应用中的渐进级联，包括应用中涉及的关键脱氢酶，脱氢酶辅因子的再生，与辅因子再生和ETC调节的ETC耦合，进行了系统的回顾和讨论。由于它们具有很大的应用价值，深入了解AAB的作用机理,不仅可以促进其利用和发展,而且可以为其他工业菌株的工程化提供参考。
