PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Selecting indicators to monitor nurturing care (NC) environments that support decision-making and guide the implementation of integrated early childhood development (ECD) programmes has become a priority globally. Several population-based approaches have been attempted to create a set of indicators or a composite index methodology to measure the NC environment using existing secondary data. However, they have not been systematized. Our scoping review aimed to analyse the population-based approaches for monitoring the domains of the NC (e.g. good health, adequate nutrition, responsive caregiving, security and safety, and opportunities for early learning). ECD experts, peer-reviewed, and grey literature were systematically searched with no year or language restrictions. Data extraction used a standard predefined protocol. Thirty-two population-based approaches were identified. Most approaches were composed of a set of indicators (53.1%, n = 17) versus composite indexes (46.9%, n = 15) and had the country as their unit of analysis (68.8%, n = 22). Twenty-seven approaches were applied in middle-income countries (84.4%) and thirteen in low-income countries (40.6%). Four approaches were guided by the NC framework (12.5%), and 56.3% (n = 18) did not include any indicator representing responsive caregiving. NC indicators (n = 867) were sorted into 100 groups of indicators. Twenty of the 32 approaches had some kind of methodological validation (62.5%). We identified six methodological challenges to build a population-based approach. Standardized methods for selecting and validating indicators, and coordinated efforts to share findings/data with stakeholders should be prioritized. Given the great variability in methods and indicators used to measure NC environments, valid approaches should be flexible to work well across different contexts.
摘要：
选择指标来监测支持决策和指导综合幼儿发展（ECD）计划的实施的养育（NC）环境已成为全球的优先事项。已经尝试了几种基于人口的方法来创建一组指标或复合索引方法，以使用现有的辅助数据来衡量NC环境。然而,他们还没有系统化。我们的范围审查旨在分析基于人群的方法来监测NC领域(例如，健康状况良好，充足的营养,反应灵敏的护理，安全与保障,和早期学习的机会)。ECD专家，同行评审，和灰色文献进行了系统搜索，没有年份或语言限制。数据提取使用标准的预定义协议。确定了32种基于人群的方法。大多数方法由一组指标组成(53.1%，n=17）与综合指数（46.9%，n=15)，并以国家为分析单位(68.8%，n=22）。27种方法适用于中等收入国家（84.4%），13种适用于低收入国家（40.6%）。四种方法由NC框架指导(12.5%)，56.3%(n=18)不包括任何代表反应性护理的指标。将NC指标(n=867)分为100组。32种方法中有20种进行了方法学验证(62.5%)。我们确定了建立基于人口的方法的六个方法论挑战。指标选择和验证的标准化方法，应优先考虑与利益相关者共享调查结果/数据的协调努力。考虑到用于测量NC环境的方法和指标的巨大可变性，有效的方法应该是灵活的，以便在不同的环境中很好地工作。
