Abstract：
The broad fish tapeworm, Dibothriocephalus latus (Diphyllobothriidea), is the most frequent causative agent of diphyllobothriosis, a fish-borne zoonosis, in Europe. Diphyllobothriosis is characterized by the transmission of D. latus larvae to humans via the consumption of raw, marinated, smoked or inadequately cooked fish products. The most important European foci of diphyllobothriosis have been Fennoscandia, the Baltic region, the Alpine lakes region, the Danube River region, and several endemic regions in Russia. This review provides basic data on the biology, life cycle, host specificity, methods of identification of D. latus, and a detailed summary of its occurrence in intermediate and definitive hosts in Fennoscandia and the Baltic, Alpine, and Danube regions during the last 120 years (1900-2020). Deeper insight into the unique pattern of distribution of D. latus in endemic regions is provided. The numbers of records are associated with several milestones of particular time periods. The first milestone (historical), which influenced studies on D. latus in Europe, was the period during and after World War II (1941-1950). The second milestone (epidemiological) was the decade 1981-1990, when previous massive health campaigns led to a marked decline of diphyllobothriosis in Europe and less published data on D. latus. Based on recent data, the broad fish tapeworm is either absent or present at very low prevalences in Fennoscandia and the Baltic and Danube regions, but the Alpine lakes region represents a continuous ongoing circulation of the parasite in the natural environment and humans.
摘要：
广泛的鱼tape虫，Dibothriocephaluslatus(Diphyllobothriidea)，是最常见的二叶虫病病原体，鱼类传播的人畜共患病，在欧洲。双叶病的特征是通过食用原始的，腌制,烟熏或未充分煮熟的鱼产品。欧洲最重要的二叶虫病病灶是Fennoscandia，波罗的海区域,阿尔卑斯山湖泊地区，多瑙河地区,和俄罗斯的几个流行地区。这篇综述提供了生物学的基础数据，生命周期,宿主特异性，D.latus的鉴定方法，以及它在芬诺坎迪亚和波罗的海的中间和确定宿主中发生的详细摘要，高山,和多瑙河地区在过去的120年（1900-2020年）。提供了对D.latus在流行地区分布的独特模式的更深入了解。记录的数量与特定时间段的几个里程碑相关联。第一个里程碑（历史），这影响了欧洲对D.latus的研究，是第二次世界大战（1941-1950）期间和之后的时期。第二个里程碑（流行病学）是1981-1990年的十年，当时先前的大规模健康运动导致欧洲的双叶病明显下降，而有关D.latus的数据则较少。根据最近的数据，在芬诺斯坎迪亚，波罗的海和多瑙河地区，广泛的鱼类tape虫不存在或患病率很低，但是阿尔卑斯山湖泊地区代表了寄生虫在自然环境和人类中的持续循环。
