Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Diet quality plays an important role in the prevention of diabetes-related complications in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, evidence is scarce on how diet quality typically changes over time after diagnosis. The present study aimed to describe how the diet quality of individuals newly diagnosed with T2DM changes over a 12-month period and to identify factors associated with diet quality changes.
METHODS: A 12-month prospective, observational case-series study was undertaken. Two-hundred and twenty-five Australian adults (56% men) newly diagnosed with T2DM were recruited from the Diabetes Australia national database. Participants completed five interviewer-administered surveys over 12 months: baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Demographic, physical and health characteristics, and dietary intake data were collected at each timepoint. Diet quality was assessed using the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scoring tool. To assess changes in DASH, energy, fruit and vegetable intake over time, repeated measure analyses of variance were used. Multivariate repeated measures models investigated characteristics associated with these dietary changes.
RESULTS: The mean DASH score of the sample remained stable at 24.0 across the 12 months. Very few participants (6.8%) improved diet quality consistently across the study period. No associations between DASH, energy, fruit or vegetable intake over time and characteristics were observed.
CONCLUSIONS: This observational study suggests that without dedicated interventions (the natural course), most people newly diagnosed with T2DM will not achieve meaningful diet quality change. The development of cost-effective interventions to achieve sustained diet quality change early after diagnosis are warranted.
METHODS: A 12-month prospective, observational case-series study was undertaken. Two-hundred and twenty-five Australian adults (56% men) newly diagnosed with T2DM were recruited from the Diabetes Australia national database. Participants completed five interviewer-administered surveys over 12 months: baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Demographic, physical and health characteristics, and dietary intake data were collected at each timepoint. Diet quality was assessed using the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scoring tool. To assess changes in DASH, energy, fruit and vegetable intake over time, repeated measure analyses of variance were used. Multivariate repeated measures models investigated characteristics associated with these dietary changes.
RESULTS: The mean DASH score of the sample remained stable at 24.0 across the 12 months. Very few participants (6.8%) improved diet quality consistently across the study period. No associations between DASH, energy, fruit or vegetable intake over time and characteristics were observed.
CONCLUSIONS: This observational study suggests that without dedicated interventions (the natural course), most people newly diagnosed with T2DM will not achieve meaningful diet quality change. The development of cost-effective interventions to achieve sustained diet quality change early after diagnosis are warranted.
摘要：
背景：饮食质量在预防2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的糖尿病相关并发症中起着重要作用。然而,关于诊断后饮食质量通常如何随时间变化的证据很少.本研究旨在描述新诊断为T2DM的个体在12个月内的饮食质量如何变化，并确定与饮食质量变化相关的因素。
方法：12个月的前瞻性，进行了观察性病例系列研究。从澳大利亚糖尿病国家数据库中招募了二百二十五名新诊断为T2DM的澳大利亚成年人（56％为男性）。参与者在12个月内完成了五次面试官管理的调查：基线，3、6、9和12个月。人口统计,身体和健康特征，在每个时间点收集饮食摄入数据。使用停止高血压的饮食方法(DASH)评分工具评估饮食质量。要评估DASH的变化，能源,水果和蔬菜的摄入量随着时间的推移，使用重复测量方差分析。多变量重复测量模型研究了与这些饮食变化相关的特征。
结果：样品的平均DASH评分在12个月内保持稳定在24.0。在整个研究期间，很少有参与者（6.8％）持续改善饮食质量。DASH之间没有关联，能源,观察到水果或蔬菜的摄入量随时间和特征。
结论：这项观察性研究表明，如果没有专门的干预措施（自然过程），大多数新诊断为T2DM的人不会实现有意义的饮食质量改变。有必要开发具有成本效益的干预措施，以在诊断后早期实现持续的饮食质量变化。
方法：12个月的前瞻性，进行了观察性病例系列研究。从澳大利亚糖尿病国家数据库中招募了二百二十五名新诊断为T2DM的澳大利亚成年人（56％为男性）。参与者在12个月内完成了五次面试官管理的调查：基线，3、6、9和12个月。人口统计,身体和健康特征，在每个时间点收集饮食摄入数据。使用停止高血压的饮食方法(DASH)评分工具评估饮食质量。要评估DASH的变化，能源,水果和蔬菜的摄入量随着时间的推移，使用重复测量方差分析。多变量重复测量模型研究了与这些饮食变化相关的特征。
结果：样品的平均DASH评分在12个月内保持稳定在24.0。在整个研究期间，很少有参与者（6.8％）持续改善饮食质量。DASH之间没有关联，能源,观察到水果或蔬菜的摄入量随时间和特征。
结论：这项观察性研究表明，如果没有专门的干预措施（自然过程），大多数新诊断为T2DM的人不会实现有意义的饮食质量改变。有必要开发具有成本效益的干预措施，以在诊断后早期实现持续的饮食质量变化。
