Abstract：
The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between food intake and serum levels of leptin and ghrelin in the luteal (LP) and follicular (FP) phases of the MC (menstrual cycle) in participants with and without PMS (premenstrual syndrome).
This was a case-control study with healthy participants aged 20-45 years with regular menstrual cycles (24-35 days) with and without PMS. After the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP) was filled out for two months (PMS diagnosis), a nutritional assessment was carried out based on twelve food intake records (for two menstrual cycles) to quantify food intake.
Of the 69 participants analyzed, 35 experienced PMS and 34 did not experience PMS. For participants with PMS, calorie and carbohydrate intake was higher during LP than in FP (p = 0.004 and p = 0.003, respectively), whereas these changes were not observed in participants without PMS (p > 0.05). There were interactions between the groups and the MC phases (LP and FP) for the intake of calories (p = 0.028) and carbohydrates (p = 0.001). There was a marginal negative relationship between the levels of ghrelin and calorie intake in FP (rS = -0.314, p = 0.066) in the PMS group and a negative relationship between the levels of ghrelin and leptin in LP (rS = -0.490, p = 0.004) in the group without PMS.
These results indicated a higher calorie and carbohydrate intake during LP in participants with PMS, in addition to the hypothesis that the roles of ghrelin and leptin in energy regulation may be different in participants with PMS compared to those without PMS.
This was a case-control study with healthy participants aged 20-45 years with regular menstrual cycles (24-35 days) with and without PMS. After the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP) was filled out for two months (PMS diagnosis), a nutritional assessment was carried out based on twelve food intake records (for two menstrual cycles) to quantify food intake.
Of the 69 participants analyzed, 35 experienced PMS and 34 did not experience PMS. For participants with PMS, calorie and carbohydrate intake was higher during LP than in FP (p = 0.004 and p = 0.003, respectively), whereas these changes were not observed in participants without PMS (p > 0.05). There were interactions between the groups and the MC phases (LP and FP) for the intake of calories (p = 0.028) and carbohydrates (p = 0.001). There was a marginal negative relationship between the levels of ghrelin and calorie intake in FP (rS = -0.314, p = 0.066) in the PMS group and a negative relationship between the levels of ghrelin and leptin in LP (rS = -0.490, p = 0.004) in the group without PMS.
These results indicated a higher calorie and carbohydrate intake during LP in participants with PMS, in addition to the hypothesis that the roles of ghrelin and leptin in energy regulation may be different in participants with PMS compared to those without PMS.
摘要：
这项研究的目的是评估有和没有PMS（经前综合征）的参与者在MC（月经周期）的黄体（LP）和卵泡（FP）阶段的食物摄入量与血清瘦素和生长素释放肽水平之间的关系。
这是一项病例对照研究，研究对象为20-45岁的健康参与者，有规律的月经周期（24-35天），有或没有PMS。在填写了两个月的每日问题严重程度记录（DRSP）（PMS诊断）后，我们根据12份食物摄入记录(两个月经周期)进行了营养评估,以量化食物摄入.
在分析的69名参与者中，35例经历PMS，34例没有经历PMS。对于有PMS的参与者，LP期间的卡路里和碳水化合物摄入量高于FP（分别为p=0.004和p=0.003），而在无PMS的参与者中未观察到这些变化（p>0.05）。在摄入卡路里（p=0.028）和碳水化合物（p=0.001）方面，各组与MC阶段（LP和FP）之间存在相互作用。在PMS组中，FP的ghrelin水平与卡路里摄入量之间存在边际负相关关系（rS=-0.314，p=0.066），而在无PMS组中，LP的ghrelin和瘦素水平之间存在负相关关系（rS=-0.490，p=0.004）。
这些结果表明，患有PMS的参与者在LP期间的卡路里和碳水化合物摄入量较高，除了假设生长素释放肽和瘦素在能量调节中的作用可能与没有PMS的参与者不同。
这是一项病例对照研究，研究对象为20-45岁的健康参与者，有规律的月经周期（24-35天），有或没有PMS。在填写了两个月的每日问题严重程度记录（DRSP）（PMS诊断）后，我们根据12份食物摄入记录(两个月经周期)进行了营养评估,以量化食物摄入.
在分析的69名参与者中，35例经历PMS，34例没有经历PMS。对于有PMS的参与者，LP期间的卡路里和碳水化合物摄入量高于FP（分别为p=0.004和p=0.003），而在无PMS的参与者中未观察到这些变化（p>0.05）。在摄入卡路里（p=0.028）和碳水化合物（p=0.001）方面，各组与MC阶段（LP和FP）之间存在相互作用。在PMS组中，FP的ghrelin水平与卡路里摄入量之间存在边际负相关关系（rS=-0.314，p=0.066），而在无PMS组中，LP的ghrelin和瘦素水平之间存在负相关关系（rS=-0.490，p=0.004）。
这些结果表明，患有PMS的参与者在LP期间的卡路里和碳水化合物摄入量较高，除了假设生长素释放肽和瘦素在能量调节中的作用可能与没有PMS的参与者不同。
