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Abstract：
The unintended formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) has received considerable attention as it may pose risks to human health. Coagulation is the most common process for removing particulates as well as dissolved organic matter (DOM) (i.e., DBP precursors) during drinking water and wastewater treatments. With the improvement of water quality standards and the increased fluctuation in source water quality, conventional coagulation becomes challenging. Thus, significant efforts have been made to enhance coagulation to promote the removal of DOM in source water and mitigate the formation of DBPs in drinking water. This review provides a brief summary of the properties of DBP precursors and summarizes the effectiveness of enhanced coagulation involving three types of coagulants (metal-based coagulants, organic polymers, and organic-inorganic hybrid coagulants) in controlling the formation of DBPs during chlor(am)ination disinfection. Metal-based coagulants can achieve a reduction in DBP formation potential of approximately 20%-60% in natural water under enhanced coagulation conditions. Both the organic polymers (used as coagulant aids) and novel hybrid coagulants increase the removal of DOM and exhibit high potential for mitigating DBP formation. In addition, integrated treatments combining coagulation with other treatment processes (e.g., oxidation, membrane filtration, ion exchange, and adsorption) to enhance DBP precursor removal are evaluated in terms of performance, mechanisms, and features. Advanced treatments, such as membrane filtration and activated carbon adsorption, are effective coagulation-assisted processes, and can further control chlorinated DBPs; however, the elevated formation of bromate or highly brominated DBPs is of particular concern.
摘要：
消毒副产物（DBP）的意外形成受到了广泛的关注，因为它可能对人类健康构成风险。混凝是去除颗粒物和溶解有机物(DOM)的最常见过程(即，DBP前体）在饮用水和废水处理过程中。随着水质标准的提高和水源水质波动的加大,常规凝固变得具有挑战性。因此，已经做出了巨大的努力来增强混凝作用，以促进源水中DOM的去除并减轻饮用水中DBPs的形成。这篇综述简要总结了DBP前体的特性，并总结了涉及三种类型的促凝剂（金属基促凝剂，有机聚合物,和有机-无机混合混凝剂）在氯（am）消毒过程中控制DBPs的形成。在增强的凝固条件下，金属基凝结剂可以在天然水中实现约20％-60％的DBP形成潜力降低。有机聚合物(用作促凝剂助剂)和新型混合促凝剂都增加了DOM的去除,并表现出减缓DBP形成的高潜力。此外,将混凝与其他处理工艺相结合的综合处理(例如，氧化，膜过滤,离子交换,和吸附）以增强DBP前体去除的性能进行评估，机制,和特点。先进的治疗,如膜过滤和活性炭吸附，是有效的凝血辅助过程，并可以进一步控制氯化DBPs；然而，溴酸盐或高度溴化的DBPs的形成增加是特别令人关注的。
