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Abstract：
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major pathogen of acute lower respiratory tract infection among young children. To investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of RSV in China, we performed a molecular epidemiological study during 2015-2019. A total of 964 RSV-positive specimens were identified from 5529 enrolled patients during a multi-center study. RSV subgroup A (RSV-A) was the predominant subgroup during this research period except in 2016. Totally, 535 sequences of the second hypervariable region (HVR-2) of the G gene were obtained. Combined with 182 Chinese sequences from GenBank, phylogenetic trees showed that 521 RSV-A sequences fell in genotypes ON1 (512), NA1 (6) and GA5 (3), respectively; while 196 RSV-B sequences fell in BA9 (193) and SAB4 (3). ON1 and BA9 were the only genotypes after December 2015. Genotypes ON1 and BA9 can be separated into 10 and 7 lineages, respectively. The HVR-2 of genotype ON1 had six amino acid changes with a frequency more than 10%, while two substitutions H258Q and H266L were co-occurrences. The HVR-2 of genotype BA9 had nine amino acid substitutions with a frequency more than 10%, while the sequences with T290I and T312I were all from 2018 to 2019. One N-glycosylation site at 237 was identified among ON1 sequences, while two N-glycosylation sites (296 and 310) were identified in the 60-nucleotide duplication region of BA9. To conclusion, ON1 and BA9 were the predominant genotypes in China during 2015-2019. For the genotypes ON1 and BA9, the G gene exhibited relatively high diversity and evolved continuously.
摘要：
人呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是幼儿急性下呼吸道感染的主要病原体。了解我国RSV的流行情况和遗传特征,我们在2015-2019年间进行了分子流行病学研究.在多中心研究期间，从5529名入选患者中鉴定出总共964份RSV阳性标本。除2016年外，RSV亚组A（RSV-A）是本研究期间的主要亚组。完全正确,获得了G基因的第二高变区(HVR-2)的535个序列。结合来自GenBank的182个中文序列，系统发育树显示521个RSV-A序列落在基因型ON1(512)中，NA1(6)和GA5(3)，分别；而196个RSV-B序列落在BA9(193)和SAB4(3)中。ON1和BA9是2015年12月后唯一的基因型。基因型ON1和BA9可分离为10个和7个谱系，分别。基因型ON1的HVR-2有6个氨基酸变化，频率超过10%，而两个取代H258Q和H266L共现。基因型BA9的HVR-2有9个氨基酸取代，频率超过10％，而T290I和T312I的序列都是从2018年到2019年。在ON1序列中鉴定出237个N-糖基化位点，而在BA9的60个核苷酸的重复区域中鉴定出两个N-糖基化位点(296和310)。最后，ON1和BA9是2015-2019年中国的主要基因型。对于基因型ON1和BA9，G基因表现出相对较高的多样性并不断进化。
