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Abstract：
Schmallenberg orthobunyavirus (SBV) was initially detected in 2011 in Germany from dairy cattle with fever and decreased milk yield. The virus infection is now established in many parts of the world with recurrent epidemics. SBV is transmitted through midges and transplacental. No direct virus transmission including via breeding has ever been demonstrated. In some bulls, however, the virus is detectable transiently, in low to minute quantities, in semen post-infection. While the infection is considered of low impact for the dairy industry, some SBV-free countries have adopted a zero-risk approach requiring bull semen batches to be tested for SBV RNA residues prior to import. This, in turn, obligates a protocol to enable sensitive detection of SBV RNA in semen samples for export purposes. Here, we describe how we established a now ISO/IEC 17025 accredited protocol that can effectively detect minute quantities of SBV RNA in semen and also its application to monitor bull semen during two outbreaks in the United Kingdom in 2012 and 2016. The data demonstrate that only a small number of bulls temporarily shed low amounts of SBV.
摘要：
Schmallenberg原病毒（SBV）最初于2011年在德国从发烧和产奶量下降的奶牛中检测到。现在，世界上许多地方都有反复流行的病毒感染。SBV通过mid和经胎盘传播。从未证明过包括通过繁殖的直接病毒传播。在一些公牛中，然而,病毒是暂时可以检测到的，以低到小的数量，感染后的精液。虽然这种感染被认为对乳制品行业的影响很小，一些无SBV国家采用了零风险方法,要求在进口之前对公牛精液批次进行SBVRNA残留检测.这个,反过来,有义务的协议，使SBVRNA在精液样品中的敏感检测用于出口目的。这里,我们描述了我们如何建立一个ISO/IEC17025认证的协议,该协议可以有效地检测精液中微量的SBVRNA,以及它在2012年和2016年英国两次爆发期间监测公牛精液的应用.数据表明，只有少数多头暂时减少了少量的SBV。
