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Abstract：
Is engaging with music good for your mental health? This question has long been the topic of empirical clinical and nonclinical investigations, with studies indicating positive associations between music engagement and quality of life, reduced depression or anxiety symptoms, and less frequent substance use. However, many earlier investigations were limited by small populations and methodological limitations, and it has also been suggested that aspects of music engagement may even be associated with worse mental health outcomes. The purpose of this scoping review is first to summarize the existing state of music engagement and mental health studies, identifying their strengths and weaknesses. We focus on broad domains of mental health diagnoses including internalizing psychopathology (e.g., depression and anxiety symptoms and diagnoses), externalizing psychopathology (e.g., substance use), and thought disorders (e.g., schizophrenia). Second, we propose a theoretical model to inform future work that describes the importance of simultaneously considering music-mental health associations at the levels of (1) correlated genetic and/or environmental influences vs. (bi)directional associations, (2) interactions with genetic risk factors, (3) treatment efficacy, and (4) mediation through brain structure and function. Finally, we describe how recent advances in large-scale data collection, including genetic, neuroimaging, and electronic health record studies, allow for a more rigorous examination of these associations that can also elucidate their neurobiological substrates.
摘要：
参与音乐对您的心理健康有益吗？这个问题长期以来一直是经验性临床和非临床研究的主题，研究表明，音乐参与和生活质量之间存在正相关关系，减少抑郁或焦虑症状，较少使用药物。然而,许多早期的调查受到人口少和方法限制的限制，也有人认为，音乐参与的各个方面甚至可能与更糟糕的心理健康结果有关。本范围审查的目的是首先总结音乐参与和心理健康研究的现有状态，找出他们的长处和短处。我们专注于广泛的心理健康诊断领域，包括内化精神病理学(例如，抑郁和焦虑症状和诊断)，外化精神病理学(例如，物质使用)，和思维障碍(例如，精神分裂症)。第二,我们提出了一个理论模型来为未来的工作提供信息，该模型描述了在（1）相关遗传和/或环境影响与(双向)协会，(2)与遗传风险因素的相互作用,（3）治疗效果，（4）通过大脑结构和功能进行调解。最后,我们描述了大规模数据收集的最新进展，包括遗传,神经影像学,和电子健康记录研究，允许对这些关联进行更严格的检查，这也可以阐明它们的神经生物学底物。
