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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Tinea capitis is a dermatophyte infection of the scalp and hair that affects a large number of people worldwide. The disease commonly affects children and manifests with varying degrees of hair loss, scalp inflammation, and psychosocial impact. In Nigeria, the burden of tinea capitis is worrisome affecting over 15,000,000 school-age children. Molecular techniques complement the conventional mycological examinations in laboratory diagnosis of tinea capitis. In this study, we identified dermatophytes species causing tinea capitis in Kano, Nigeria, using ITS-based nucleotide sequencing technique in addition to conventional mycological examination.
METHODS: We collected 112 samples from the scalp of children with clinically diagnosed tinea capitis at the dermatology clinic of Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, between April and September 2019. The samples were processed and subjected to direct microscopy and mycological culture to isolate dermatophytes species that were identified morphologically and using ITS sequencing.
RESULTS: Out of the 112 patients investigated, the majority (59.8%) were between the ages 6 and 9 years with a mean age of 7.3 ± 1.9 years. Males (79.5%) were predominantly affected. Black dot (46.4%) was the most common clinical type of tinea capitis followed by gray patch (39.3%) and kerion (1.8%). Favus was not observed. Microsporum audouinii (45.7%) was the predominant etiologic agent followed by Trichophyton soudanense (28.6%), T. violaceum (22.9%), and T. tonsurans (2.9%).
CONCLUSIONS: The prominence of anthropophilic dermatophytes as the main causes of tinea capitis in our localities suggests that public health interventions to promote health education and good hygiene practices would minimize the transmission rate of tinea capitis among children in the study area.
METHODS: We collected 112 samples from the scalp of children with clinically diagnosed tinea capitis at the dermatology clinic of Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, between April and September 2019. The samples were processed and subjected to direct microscopy and mycological culture to isolate dermatophytes species that were identified morphologically and using ITS sequencing.
RESULTS: Out of the 112 patients investigated, the majority (59.8%) were between the ages 6 and 9 years with a mean age of 7.3 ± 1.9 years. Males (79.5%) were predominantly affected. Black dot (46.4%) was the most common clinical type of tinea capitis followed by gray patch (39.3%) and kerion (1.8%). Favus was not observed. Microsporum audouinii (45.7%) was the predominant etiologic agent followed by Trichophyton soudanense (28.6%), T. violaceum (22.9%), and T. tonsurans (2.9%).
CONCLUSIONS: The prominence of anthropophilic dermatophytes as the main causes of tinea capitis in our localities suggests that public health interventions to promote health education and good hygiene practices would minimize the transmission rate of tinea capitis among children in the study area.
摘要：
背景：头癣是头皮和头发的皮肤癣菌感染，影响全世界许多人。这种疾病通常影响儿童，并表现为不同程度的脱发，头皮发炎，和社会心理影响。在尼日利亚,头癣的负担令人担忧，影响了超过15,000,000名学龄儿童。分子技术在头癣的实验室诊断中补充了常规的真菌学检查。在这项研究中,我们在卡诺发现了导致头癣的皮肤癣菌，尼日利亚,除常规真菌学检查外，还使用基于ITS的核苷酸测序技术。
方法：我们在MurtalaMuhammad专科医院的皮肤科诊所从临床诊断为头癣的儿童头皮收集了112个样本，卡诺,2019年4月至9月。对样品进行处理，并进行直接显微镜和真菌学培养，以分离通过形态学和ITS测序鉴定的皮肤癣菌物种。
结果：在接受调查的112名患者中，大多数(59.8%)在6~9岁之间,平均年龄为7.3±1.9岁.男性（79.5％）主要受影响。头癣最常见的临床类型是黑点（46.4％），其次是灰色斑（39.3％）和kerion（1.8％）。没有观察到Favus。audouinii小孢子菌（45.7％）是主要的病因，其次是毛癣菌（28.6％），紫罗兰（22.9%），和吨草（2.9%）。
结论：在我们的地方，嗜人性皮肤癣菌是导致头癣的主要原因，这表明公共卫生干预措施以促进健康教育和良好的卫生习惯，可以最大程度地减少头癣在研究地区儿童中的传播率。
方法：我们在MurtalaMuhammad专科医院的皮肤科诊所从临床诊断为头癣的儿童头皮收集了112个样本，卡诺,2019年4月至9月。对样品进行处理，并进行直接显微镜和真菌学培养，以分离通过形态学和ITS测序鉴定的皮肤癣菌物种。
结果：在接受调查的112名患者中，大多数(59.8%)在6~9岁之间,平均年龄为7.3±1.9岁.男性（79.5％）主要受影响。头癣最常见的临床类型是黑点（46.4％），其次是灰色斑（39.3％）和kerion（1.8％）。没有观察到Favus。audouinii小孢子菌（45.7％）是主要的病因，其次是毛癣菌（28.6％），紫罗兰（22.9%），和吨草（2.9%）。
结论：在我们的地方，嗜人性皮肤癣菌是导致头癣的主要原因，这表明公共卫生干预措施以促进健康教育和良好的卫生习惯，可以最大程度地减少头癣在研究地区儿童中的传播率。
