Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: We aim to determine the prevalence of mental disorders in siblings of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to determine how psychosocial adversity factors relate to this psychopathology, in a low-middle income country (Colombia).
METHODS: We evaluated subjects with ADHD diagnosed according to the DSM-5 criteria, one of their parents and one of their siblings (ages 8-19). We used the ADHD rating scale and a set of instruments to assess the presence of mental disorders as well as psychosocial adversity.
RESULTS: We evaluated 74 trios formed by the index case with ADHD, one sibling and one of the parents. We found that 24.3% of the participating siblings also met the criteria for ADHD and another 24.3% for other psychiatric disorders. The risk of these siblings having ADHD increased further when one of the parents reported a history of ADHD. We also found that 28.3% of the families faced high levels of psychosocial adversity as per their scores in the Rutter Adversity Index.
CONCLUSIONS: Siblings of subjects with ADHD showed a significant risk for ADHD and other mental disorders. That risk increased if a parent reported a history of ADHD and also when two or more psychosocial adversity factors were present. This study supports the importance of early detection in efforts to decrease the risk for other siblings.
METHODS: We evaluated subjects with ADHD diagnosed according to the DSM-5 criteria, one of their parents and one of their siblings (ages 8-19). We used the ADHD rating scale and a set of instruments to assess the presence of mental disorders as well as psychosocial adversity.
RESULTS: We evaluated 74 trios formed by the index case with ADHD, one sibling and one of the parents. We found that 24.3% of the participating siblings also met the criteria for ADHD and another 24.3% for other psychiatric disorders. The risk of these siblings having ADHD increased further when one of the parents reported a history of ADHD. We also found that 28.3% of the families faced high levels of psychosocial adversity as per their scores in the Rutter Adversity Index.
CONCLUSIONS: Siblings of subjects with ADHD showed a significant risk for ADHD and other mental disorders. That risk increased if a parent reported a history of ADHD and also when two or more psychosocial adversity factors were present. This study supports the importance of early detection in efforts to decrease the risk for other siblings.
摘要：
目的：我们旨在确定患有注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童的兄弟姐妹中精神障碍的患病率，并确定心理社会逆境因素与这种心理病理学的关系，在中低收入国家（哥伦比亚）。
方法：我们评估了根据DSM-5标准诊断的ADHD受试者，他们的一个父母和一个兄弟姐妹（8-19岁）。我们使用ADHD评分量表和一套工具来评估精神障碍和心理社会逆境的存在。
结果：我们评估了由ADHD索引病例形成的74个三重奏，一个兄弟姐妹和一个父母。我们发现，参与的兄弟姐妹中有24.3％也符合ADHD的标准，另有24.3％符合其他精神疾病的标准。当父母之一报告有ADHD病史时，这些兄弟姐妹患ADHD的风险进一步增加。我们还发现，根据Rutter逆境指数的得分，28.3％的家庭面临高水平的社会心理逆境。
结论：患有ADHD的受试者的兄弟姐妹显示出ADHD和其他精神障碍的显著风险。如果父母报告有ADHD病史，并且存在两个或多个心理社会逆境因素，则风险会增加。这项研究支持早期检测在降低其他兄弟姐妹风险方面的重要性。
方法：我们评估了根据DSM-5标准诊断的ADHD受试者，他们的一个父母和一个兄弟姐妹（8-19岁）。我们使用ADHD评分量表和一套工具来评估精神障碍和心理社会逆境的存在。
结果：我们评估了由ADHD索引病例形成的74个三重奏，一个兄弟姐妹和一个父母。我们发现，参与的兄弟姐妹中有24.3％也符合ADHD的标准，另有24.3％符合其他精神疾病的标准。当父母之一报告有ADHD病史时，这些兄弟姐妹患ADHD的风险进一步增加。我们还发现，根据Rutter逆境指数的得分，28.3％的家庭面临高水平的社会心理逆境。
结论：患有ADHD的受试者的兄弟姐妹显示出ADHD和其他精神障碍的显著风险。如果父母报告有ADHD病史，并且存在两个或多个心理社会逆境因素，则风险会增加。这项研究支持早期检测在降低其他兄弟姐妹风险方面的重要性。
