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Abstract：
Currently, electromagnetic (EM) pollution poses severe complication toward the operation of electronic devices and biological systems. To this end, it is pertinent to develop novel microwave absorbers through compositional and structural design. Porous carbon (PC) materials demonstrate great potential in EM wave absorption due to their ultralow density, large surface area, and excellent dielectric loss ability. However, the large-scale production of PC materials through low-cost and simple synthetic route is a challenge. Deriving PC materials through biomass sources is a sustainable, ubiquitous, and low-cost method, which comes with many desired features, such as hierarchical texture, periodic pattern, and some unique nanoarchitecture. Using the bio-inspired microstructure to manufacture PC materials in mild condition is desirable. In this review, we summarize the EM wave absorption application of biomass-derived PC materials from optimizing structure and designing composition. The corresponding synthetic mechanisms and development prospects are discussed as well. The perspective in this field is given at the end of the article.
摘要：
目前,电磁（EM）污染对电子设备和生物系统的操作构成了严重的复杂性。为此,通过组成和结构设计开发新型微波吸收器是有意义的。多孔碳（PC）材料由于其超低的密度而在EM波吸收方面表现出巨大的潜力，大表面积,和优异的介电损耗能力。然而,通过低成本和简单的合成路线大规模生产PC材料是一个挑战。通过生物质来源衍生PC材料是一种可持续的，无处不在，和低成本的方法，它具有许多所需的功能，如分层纹理，周期性模式，和一些独特的纳米结构。使用生物启发的微结构在温和条件下制造PC材料是理想的。在这次审查中,从优化结构和设计组成方面总结了生物质衍生PC材料的EM吸收应用。讨论了相应的合成机理和发展前景。文章最后给出了这一领域的观点。
