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Abstract：
Organ size is influenced by a number of factors. Age, height, weight, and ethnicity are known influencing factors. Pediatric populations have changed over time, puberty beginning earlier resulting in a changing growth pattern of their organs. Hence, contemporary charts using local data are considered the most appropriate for a given population. Sonographic charts for liver size for a predominantly Caucasian population are limited, which has implications for clinical practice. The aim of this study was to define a contemporary normative range of liver and spleen sizes for a healthy, predominantly Caucasian population and for all pediatric age groups (0-18 years) and to investigate whether there is a size difference between genders and ethnicities.
Retrospective study including children with normal sonographic findings and no evidence of liver or splenic disease clinically. Craniocaudal and anteroposterior dimensions are measured for the right and left lobe of the liver, and craniocaudal dimension for the spleen. Relationship of the liver and spleen dimensions with age, body length, body surface area, weight, and gender were investigated. Charts of normal values were established. Values were compared to studies involving other ethnicities and to one study carried out in 1983 involving the same ethnicity.
Seven hundred thirty-six children (371 boys, 365 girls) aged 1 day - 18.4 years were included. From the second year of life, the craniocaudal dimension of the right lobe of the liver is 1-2 cm larger in the Central European population compared with non-Caucasian populations at a given age. Liver size of Central European children in 2020 is greater compared to a similar population almost 40 years ago. The craniocaudal dimension of the spleen of Central European, US-American and Turkish children is similar. The difference between genders is statistically significant for both the liver and the spleen, being larger in boys.
Contemporary and ethnically appropriate reference charts for liver and spleen measurements should be used, especially for liver size. The effect of ethnicity is reduced if patient height rather than age is referenced.
Retrospective study including children with normal sonographic findings and no evidence of liver or splenic disease clinically. Craniocaudal and anteroposterior dimensions are measured for the right and left lobe of the liver, and craniocaudal dimension for the spleen. Relationship of the liver and spleen dimensions with age, body length, body surface area, weight, and gender were investigated. Charts of normal values were established. Values were compared to studies involving other ethnicities and to one study carried out in 1983 involving the same ethnicity.
Seven hundred thirty-six children (371 boys, 365 girls) aged 1 day - 18.4 years were included. From the second year of life, the craniocaudal dimension of the right lobe of the liver is 1-2 cm larger in the Central European population compared with non-Caucasian populations at a given age. Liver size of Central European children in 2020 is greater compared to a similar population almost 40 years ago. The craniocaudal dimension of the spleen of Central European, US-American and Turkish children is similar. The difference between genders is statistically significant for both the liver and the spleen, being larger in boys.
Contemporary and ethnically appropriate reference charts for liver and spleen measurements should be used, especially for liver size. The effect of ethnicity is reduced if patient height rather than age is referenced.
摘要：
器官大小受多种因素影响。年龄,高度,体重,和种族是已知的影响因素。随着时间的推移，儿科人群发生了变化，青春期开始较早，导致其器官的生长方式发生变化。因此，使用本地数据的当代图表被认为是最适合给定人口的。主要为白种人的肝脏大小的超声图是有限的，这对临床实践有影响。这项研究的目的是为健康的人定义肝脏和脾脏大小的当代规范范围，主要是高加索人群和所有儿科年龄组（0-18岁），并调查性别和种族之间是否存在大小差异。
回顾性研究包括超声检查结果正常且临床上没有肝脏或脾脏疾病证据的儿童。测量肝脏右叶和左叶的颅尾和前后尺寸，和脾脏的颅尾尺寸。肝脏和脾脏大小与年龄的关系，身体长度,体表面积,体重,和性别进行了调查。建立了正常值的图表。将值与涉及其他种族的研究以及1983年进行的一项涉及同一种族的研究进行比较。
七百三十六名儿童（371名男孩，包括365名女孩），年龄为1天-18.4岁。从生命的第二年开始，与给定年龄的非高加索人群相比，中欧人群的肝脏右叶的颅尾尺寸大1-2厘米。与近40年前的类似人群相比，2020年中欧儿童的肝脏大小更大。中欧脾脏的颅尾尺寸，美国和土耳其的孩子是相似的。性别之间的差异对于肝脏和脾脏都具有统计学意义，在男孩中更大。
肝脏和脾脏测量应使用当代和种族适当的参考图表，尤其是肝脏的大小。如果参考患者身高而不是年龄，则种族的影响会降低。
回顾性研究包括超声检查结果正常且临床上没有肝脏或脾脏疾病证据的儿童。测量肝脏右叶和左叶的颅尾和前后尺寸，和脾脏的颅尾尺寸。肝脏和脾脏大小与年龄的关系，身体长度,体表面积,体重,和性别进行了调查。建立了正常值的图表。将值与涉及其他种族的研究以及1983年进行的一项涉及同一种族的研究进行比较。
七百三十六名儿童（371名男孩，包括365名女孩），年龄为1天-18.4岁。从生命的第二年开始，与给定年龄的非高加索人群相比，中欧人群的肝脏右叶的颅尾尺寸大1-2厘米。与近40年前的类似人群相比，2020年中欧儿童的肝脏大小更大。中欧脾脏的颅尾尺寸，美国和土耳其的孩子是相似的。性别之间的差异对于肝脏和脾脏都具有统计学意义，在男孩中更大。
肝脏和脾脏测量应使用当代和种族适当的参考图表，尤其是肝脏的大小。如果参考患者身高而不是年龄，则种族的影响会降低。
