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Abstract：
The availability of simple, accurate, and affordable cuffless blood pressure (BP) devices has the potential to greatly increase the compliance with measurement recommendations and the utilization of BP measurements for BP telemonitoring. The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between findings from routine BP measurements using a conventional sphygmomanometer with the results from a portable ECG monitor combined with photoplethysmography (PPG) for pulse wave registration in patients with arterial hypertension.
METHODS: The study included 500 patients aged 32-88 years (mean 64 ± 7.9 years). Mean values from three routine BP measurements by a sphygmomanometer with cuff were selected for comparison; within one minute after the last measurement, an electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded for 3 min in the standard lead I using a smartphone-case based single-channel ECG monitor (CardioQVARK®-limited responsibility company \"L-CARD\", Moscow, Russia) simultaneously with a PPG pulse wave recording. Using a combination of the heart signal with the PPG, levels of systolic and diastolic BP were determined based on machine learning using a previously developed and validated algorithm and were compared with sphygmomanometer results.
RESULTS: According to the Bland-Altman analysis, SD for systolic BP was 3.63, and bias was 0.32 for systolic BP. SD was 2.95 and bias was 0.61 for diastolic BP. The correlation between the results from the sphygmomanometer and the cuffless method was 0.89 (p = 0.001) for systolic and 0.87 (p = 0.002) for diastolic BP.
CONCLUSIONS: Blood pressure measurements on a smartphone-case without a cuff are encouraging. However, further research is needed to improve the accuracy and reliability of clinical use in the majority of patients.
METHODS: The study included 500 patients aged 32-88 years (mean 64 ± 7.9 years). Mean values from three routine BP measurements by a sphygmomanometer with cuff were selected for comparison; within one minute after the last measurement, an electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded for 3 min in the standard lead I using a smartphone-case based single-channel ECG monitor (CardioQVARK®-limited responsibility company \"L-CARD\", Moscow, Russia) simultaneously with a PPG pulse wave recording. Using a combination of the heart signal with the PPG, levels of systolic and diastolic BP were determined based on machine learning using a previously developed and validated algorithm and were compared with sphygmomanometer results.
RESULTS: According to the Bland-Altman analysis, SD for systolic BP was 3.63, and bias was 0.32 for systolic BP. SD was 2.95 and bias was 0.61 for diastolic BP. The correlation between the results from the sphygmomanometer and the cuffless method was 0.89 (p = 0.001) for systolic and 0.87 (p = 0.002) for diastolic BP.
CONCLUSIONS: Blood pressure measurements on a smartphone-case without a cuff are encouraging. However, further research is needed to improve the accuracy and reliability of clinical use in the majority of patients.
摘要：
简单的可用性，准确,和负担得起的无袖带血压（BP）设备有可能大大提高对测量建议的依从性和BP远程监测BP测量的利用率。这项研究的目的是评估使用常规血压计进行常规BP测量的结果与便携式ECG监测器结合光电容积描记术（PPG）进行动脉高血压患者脉搏波配准的结果之间的相关性。
方法：该研究包括500名患者，年龄32-88岁（平均64±7.9岁）。通过带袖带的血压计选择三次常规BP测量的平均值进行比较；在最后一次测量后的一分钟内，使用基于智能手机的单通道心电监护仪(CardioQVARK®-limitedresponsibilitycompany\"L-CARD\",莫斯科,俄罗斯）同时记录PPG脉搏波。使用心脏信号与PPG的组合，收缩压和舒张压血压水平基于机器学习,使用先前开发和验证的算法进行测定,并与血压计结果进行比较.
结果：根据Bland-Altman分析，收缩压的SD为3.63，收缩压的偏倚为0.32。舒张压的SD为2.95，偏倚为0.61。血压计和无袖口法的结果之间的相关性收缩压为0.89（p=0.001），舒张压为0.87（p=0.002）。
结论：在没有袖带的智能手机上测量血压是令人鼓舞的。然而,需要进一步的研究来提高大多数患者临床使用的准确性和可靠性。
方法：该研究包括500名患者，年龄32-88岁（平均64±7.9岁）。通过带袖带的血压计选择三次常规BP测量的平均值进行比较；在最后一次测量后的一分钟内，使用基于智能手机的单通道心电监护仪(CardioQVARK®-limitedresponsibilitycompany\"L-CARD\",莫斯科,俄罗斯）同时记录PPG脉搏波。使用心脏信号与PPG的组合，收缩压和舒张压血压水平基于机器学习,使用先前开发和验证的算法进行测定,并与血压计结果进行比较.
结果：根据Bland-Altman分析，收缩压的SD为3.63，收缩压的偏倚为0.32。舒张压的SD为2.95，偏倚为0.61。血压计和无袖口法的结果之间的相关性收缩压为0.89（p=0.001），舒张压为0.87（p=0.002）。
结论：在没有袖带的智能手机上测量血压是令人鼓舞的。然而,需要进一步的研究来提高大多数患者临床使用的准确性和可靠性。
