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Abstract：
The nutraceutical interest in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seeds is associated with the presence of macronutrients, micronutrients, minerals, vitamins, and polyphenols. In particular, polyphenols contribute to the health-promoting effects of this food crop, and their levels are influenced by environmental conditions. Production of quinoa is recently being explored in temperate climate areas, including Italy. The aim of this research was to assess the profile of bioactive compounds in seeds of two quinoa varieties, Regalona-Baer and Titicaca, grown in northern Italy, compared to that of seeds of those varieties grown in Chile and Denmark, respectively. High-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) analysis of phenolic acid and flavonoid profiles, both in their free and soluble conjugated forms, showed that the main differences between Regalona grown in Chile and Italy were for the free vanillic acid and daidzein contents, while the two Titicaca samples mainly differed in quercetin derivative levels. The total phenolic index was comparable in Titicaca and Regalona, and only a slight decrease in this parameter was found in seeds of the two varieties grown in Italy. The in vitro antioxidant activity of seed extracts, evaluated by means of three different assays, indicated that it correlated with flavonol (quercetin derivative) levels. In conclusion, the results indicate that, although environmental conditions alter the polyphenolic profile and biological activities, it is possible to grow good-quality quinoa in northern Italy.
摘要：
对藜麦的营养保健兴趣(藜麦。)种子与大量营养素的存在有关，微量营养素,矿物,维生素,和多酚。特别是,多酚有助于这种粮食作物的健康促进作用，它们的水平受到环境条件的影响。最近正在温带气候地区探索藜麦的生产，包括意大利。这项研究的目的是评估两个藜麦品种种子中生物活性化合物的概况，雷加洛纳-贝尔和喀卡,生长在意大利北部，与那些在智利和丹麦种植的品种的种子相比，分别。高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器（HPLC-DAD）分析酚酸和类黄酮，以自由和可溶的共轭形式，结果表明，在智利和意大利种植的Regalona之间的主要差异是游离香草酸和大豆黄酮含量，而两个提卡样品的槲皮素衍生物水平主要不同。Titicaca和Regalona的总酚指数相当，在意大利种植的两个品种的种子中仅发现此参数略有下降。种子提取物的体外抗氧化活性，通过三种不同的测定法进行评估，表明它与黄酮醇（槲皮素衍生物）水平相关。总之,结果表明,尽管环境条件改变了多酚的分布和生物活性，在意大利北部种植优质藜麦是可能的。
