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Abstract：
Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) is a common ocular disease in cattle that causes economic losses to producers and negatively impacts animal welfare. In a 2016 survey of cow-calf producers in California, IBK was identified as the disease for which antimicrobials are most frequently used. The presented scoping review examined the available literature for methods to prevent IBK and for alternatives to antimicrobials to treat the disease that can be applied in cow-calf operations. Online databases were searched for publications about IBK in cattle populations that were reported from 1950 to 2020. Citations were systematically evaluated in a multi-stage approach using commercial software and summarized in a scoping review format. For the studies included in the review, most research (n = 50) has focused on the development of vaccines for the prevention of IBK. Although the quality of publications has improved over time, there is a lack of consistent evidence for vaccine efficacy against IBK in post-2000 experimental and conventional vaccine trials. A systematic analysis of vaccine studies is warranted. A limited number (n = 6) of studies evaluated the prevention of IBK through fly control, where most have found efficacy of this control measure. Several treatment options (n = 5) that do not include the use of antimicrobials have been investigated but remain at the preliminary stage of testing. Differences in breed susceptibility has been demonstrated with breeds belonging to the Bos indicus subspecies less frequently affected compared to those belonging to the Bos taurus subspecies. Hereford cattle and those lacking pigmentation around the eyelid margin are more frequently affected than other breeds. At present, there are few evidence-based measures that producers can utilize to reduce the burden of IBK in their herds and more research into the efficacy of fly control measures, non-antimicrobial treatment options, the continued search for a viable vaccine, as well as identifying genetic markers associated with traits that confer resistance to the disease are needed.
摘要：
牛传染性角膜结膜炎（IBK）是牛常见的眼病，给生产者造成经济损失并对动物福利产生负面影响。在2016年对加州小牛生产者的调查中，IBK被确定为最常用抗微生物剂的疾病。所提出的范围审查审查了可用的文献，以预防IBK的方法以及可用于牛犊手术的抗微生物剂替代品。在在线数据库中搜索了1950年至2020年报告的关于牛种群中IBK的出版物。使用商业软件以多阶段方法对引文进行了系统评估，并以范围审查格式进行了总结。对于纳入审查的研究，大多数研究(n=50)集中在预防IBK的疫苗的开发上。尽管出版物的质量随着时间的推移而提高，在2000年后的实验性和常规疫苗试验中,缺乏针对IBK的疫苗效力的一致证据.有必要对疫苗研究进行系统分析。有限数量（n=6）的研究评估了通过苍蝇控制预防IBK，大多数人发现了这种控制措施的有效性。已经研究了不包括使用抗微生物剂的几种治疗选择(n=5),但仍处于测试的初步阶段。与属于Bostaurus亚种的品种相比，属于Bosindicus亚种的品种受到的影响较少，已证明品种易感性存在差异。赫里福德牛和眼睑边缘周围缺乏色素沉着的牛比其他品种更容易受到影响。目前,生产者可以利用很少的循证措施来减轻IBK在牛群中的负担，并对苍蝇控制措施的有效性进行更多的研究，非抗菌治疗方案，继续寻找可行的疫苗，以及识别与赋予疾病抗性的性状相关的遗传标记是必要的。
