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Abstract：
This study tested whether aerobic exercise delivered during the consolidation window following fear extinction learning reduces the return of fear among women with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Participants (n=35) completed an initial clinical assessment followed by a 3-day fear acquisition, extinction, and recall protocol. On day 1, participants completed a fear acquisition training task in which one geometric shape (conditioning stimulus; CS+) was paired (with 50% probability) with a mild electric shock (unconditioned stimulus; US), while a different shape (CS-) was never paired with the US. On day 2 (24 h later), participants completed a fear extinction training task in which the CS+ no longer predicted administration of the US. Shortly following extinction, participants were randomly assigned to complete either moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (EX) or a light-intensity exercise control (CON) condition. On day 3 (24 h later), participants completed fear recall tests assessing the return of fear (spontaneous recovery, renewal, and reinstatement). Fear responding was assessed via threat expectancy ratings and skin conductance responses (SCR). In the threat expectancy ratings, there were no significant differences between groups in spontaneous recovery; however, EX significantly (p=.02) reduced threat expectancy ratings following reinstatement relative to CON. In SCR measures, there were no significant differences between groups in spontaneous recovery, renewal, or reinstatement. These results support a role for moderate-intensity aerobic exercise during the consolidation window in reducing threat expectations following reinstatement in women with PTSD. Research should continue to examine exercise as a potential method for improving the efficacy of exposure-based therapies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04113798.
摘要：
这项研究测试了在恐惧灭绝学习后的巩固窗口中进行的有氧运动是否可以减少患有创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的女性的恐惧复发。参与者（n=35）完成了最初的临床评估，然后进行了为期3天的恐惧获取。灭绝,和召回协议。在第1天，参与者完成了恐惧获取训练任务，其中一个几何形状（条件刺激;CS+）与轻度电击（非条件刺激;美国）配对（概率为50％），而不同的形状(CS-)从未与美国配对。在第2天（24小时后），参与者完成了恐惧灭绝训练任务，其中CS不再预测美国的管理。灭绝后不久，参与者被随机分配至完成中等强度有氧运动(EX)或轻强度运动控制(CON).在第3天（24小时后），参与者完成了恐惧回忆测试，评估恐惧的恢复(自发恢复，续订,和复职)。通过威胁预期等级和皮肤电导反应（SCR）评估恐惧反应。在威胁预期评级中，在自发恢复方面，组间没有显著差异；然而，EX显著(p=.02)降低了恢复后相对于CON的威胁预期评级。在SCR措施中，两组在自发恢复方面没有显着差异，续订,或复职。这些结果支持在巩固窗口期间进行中等强度有氧运动在降低PTSD女性复职后的威胁期望中的作用。研究应继续研究运动作为提高基于暴露疗法疗效的潜在方法。审判注册：ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT04113798。
