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Abstract：
This article reports the results of a rapid scoping review of the literature on COVID-19 transmission risk to workers in essential sectors such as retail, health care, manufacturing, and agriculture, and more particularly the experiences of workers in precarious employment and social situations.
Following scoping review methods, we included 30 studies that varied in terms of methodology and theoretical approaches. The search included peer-reviewed articles and grey literature published between March and September 2020.
Based on the studies reviewed, we found that COVID-19 infection and death rates increased not only with age and comorbidities, but also with discrimination and structural inequities based on racism and sexism. Racial and ethnic minority workers, including migrant workers, are concentrated in high-risk occupations and this concentration is correlated to lower socioeconomic conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic appears in the occupational health and safety spotlight as an exacerbator of already existing socioeconomic inequalities and social inequalities in health, especially in light of the intersection of issues related to racism, ethnic minority status, and sexism.
This review provides early evidence about the limitations of institutions\' responses to the pandemic, and their capacity to provide a safe and decent working environment for all workers, regardless of their employment status or the social protections they may enjoy under normal circumstances. It is also important to think about these issues in the postpandemic context, when conditions of precariousness and vulnerability persist and possibly worsen.
Following scoping review methods, we included 30 studies that varied in terms of methodology and theoretical approaches. The search included peer-reviewed articles and grey literature published between March and September 2020.
Based on the studies reviewed, we found that COVID-19 infection and death rates increased not only with age and comorbidities, but also with discrimination and structural inequities based on racism and sexism. Racial and ethnic minority workers, including migrant workers, are concentrated in high-risk occupations and this concentration is correlated to lower socioeconomic conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic appears in the occupational health and safety spotlight as an exacerbator of already existing socioeconomic inequalities and social inequalities in health, especially in light of the intersection of issues related to racism, ethnic minority status, and sexism.
This review provides early evidence about the limitations of institutions\' responses to the pandemic, and their capacity to provide a safe and decent working environment for all workers, regardless of their employment status or the social protections they may enjoy under normal circumstances. It is also important to think about these issues in the postpandemic context, when conditions of precariousness and vulnerability persist and possibly worsen.
摘要：
本文报告了对COVID-19向零售等重要行业工人传播风险的文献进行快速范围审查的结果，卫生保健,制造,农业,特别是工人在不稳定的就业和社会环境中的经历。
遵循范围界定审查方法，我们纳入了30项研究，这些研究在方法论和理论方法上有所不同。搜索内容包括2020年3月至9月发表的同行评审文章和灰色文献。
根据所审查的研究，我们发现COVID-19的感染率和死亡率不仅随着年龄和合并症的增加而增加，还有基于种族主义和性别歧视的歧视和结构不平等。种族和少数民族工人，包括农民工,集中在高风险职业中，这种集中与较低的社会经济条件相关。COVID-19大流行出现在职业健康和安全的聚光灯下，加剧了已经存在的社会经济不平等和健康方面的社会不平等，特别是考虑到与种族主义有关的问题的交集，少数民族地位,和性别歧视。
这篇综述提供了有关机构对大流行反应的局限性的早期证据，以及他们为所有工人提供安全和体面的工作环境的能力，无论他们的就业状况或他们在正常情况下可能享有的社会保护。在大流行后的背景下思考这些问题也很重要，当不稳定和脆弱的条件持续存在并可能恶化时。
遵循范围界定审查方法，我们纳入了30项研究，这些研究在方法论和理论方法上有所不同。搜索内容包括2020年3月至9月发表的同行评审文章和灰色文献。
根据所审查的研究，我们发现COVID-19的感染率和死亡率不仅随着年龄和合并症的增加而增加，还有基于种族主义和性别歧视的歧视和结构不平等。种族和少数民族工人，包括农民工,集中在高风险职业中，这种集中与较低的社会经济条件相关。COVID-19大流行出现在职业健康和安全的聚光灯下，加剧了已经存在的社会经济不平等和健康方面的社会不平等，特别是考虑到与种族主义有关的问题的交集，少数民族地位,和性别歧视。
这篇综述提供了有关机构对大流行反应的局限性的早期证据，以及他们为所有工人提供安全和体面的工作环境的能力，无论他们的就业状况或他们在正常情况下可能享有的社会保护。在大流行后的背景下思考这些问题也很重要，当不稳定和脆弱的条件持续存在并可能恶化时。
