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Abstract：
Viruses are infectious agents that hijack the host cell machinery in order to replicate and generate progeny. Viral infection is initiated by attachment to host cell receptors, and typical viral receptors are cell-surface-borne molecules such as proteins or glycan structures. Sialylated glycans (glycans bearing sialic acids) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) represent major classes of carbohydrate receptors and have been implicated in facilitating viral entry for many viruses. As interactions between viruses and sialic acids have been extensively reviewed in the past, this review provides an overview of the current state of structural knowledge about interactions between non-enveloped human viruses and GAGs. We focus here on adeno-associated viruses, human papilloma viruses (HPVs), and polyomaviruses, as at least some structural information about the interactions of these viruses with GAGs is available. We also discuss the multivalent potential for GAG binding, highlighting the importance of charged interactions and positively charged amino acids at the binding sites, and point out challenges that remain in the field.
摘要：
病毒是劫持宿主细胞机制以复制和产生后代的感染因子。病毒感染是通过附着于宿主细胞受体而引发的，和典型的病毒受体是细胞表面携带的分子，如蛋白质或聚糖结构。唾液酸化聚糖(带有唾液酸的聚糖)和糖胺聚糖(GAG)代表碳水化合物受体的主要类别,并且已经涉及促进许多病毒的病毒进入。由于病毒和唾液酸之间的相互作用在过去已经被广泛审查，这篇综述概述了有关无包膜人类病毒与GAG之间相互作用的结构知识的现状.我们在这里关注腺相关病毒，人乳头瘤病毒（HPVs），和多瘤病毒，因为至少有一些关于这些病毒与GAG相互作用的结构信息是可用的。我们还讨论了GAG结合的多价潜力，强调结合位点的带电荷相互作用和带正电荷的氨基酸的重要性，并指出该领域仍然存在的挑战。
