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Abstract：
Dolphins use their biosonar to discriminate objects with different features through the returning echoes. Cross-modal matching experiments were conducted with a resident bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus). Four types of objects composed of different materials (water-filled PVC pipes, air-filled PVC pipes, foam ball arrays, and PVC pipes wrapped in closed-cell foam) were used in the experiments, respectively. The size and position of the objects remained the same in each case. The data collected in the experiment showed that the dolphin\'s matching accuracy was significantly different across the cases. To gain insight into the underlying mechanism in the experiments, we used finite element methods to construct two-dimensional target detection models of an echolocating dolphin in the vertical plane, based on computed tomography scan data. The acoustic processes of the click\'s interaction with the objects and the surrounding media in the four cases were simulated and compared. The simulation results provide some possible explanations for why the dolphin performed differently when discriminating the objects that only differed in material composition in the previous matching experiments.
摘要：
海豚使用它们的生物孔来通过返回的回声区分具有不同特征的物体。使用常驻宽吻海豚（Tursiopsaduncus）进行了跨模态匹配实验。由不同材料组成的四种类型的物体（充水PVC管，充气PVC管，泡沫球阵列，和用闭孔泡沫包裹的聚氯乙烯管)被用于实验中，分别。对象的大小和位置在每种情况下保持相同。实验中收集的数据表明，海豚的匹配精度在不同的情况下是显著不同的。为了深入了解实验中的潜在机制，我们使用有限元方法在垂直平面上构建了回声定位海豚的二维目标检测模型，基于计算机断层扫描扫描数据。模拟并比较了四种情况下点击与物体和周围介质相互作用的声学过程。模拟结果提供了一些可能的解释，说明为什么海豚在区分先前匹配实验中仅在材料成分上有所不同的物体时表现不同。
