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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To investigate olfactory function (OF) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and evaluate whether or not the use of positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment has an impact on olfactory performance.
METHODS: All studies published in English that gave satisfactory data regarding the assessment of OF in patients with OSA were included in this review. First, a baseline assessment of OF in patients with OSA who had not received any treatment was examined. Second, the effect of PAP therapy on OF was assessed to be able to make before and after comparisons. The primary outcome of this study was the threshold-discrimination identification (TDI) scores, obtained from the Sniffin\' Sticks test.
RESULTS: The database search identified 552 articles. According to the exclusion criteria, 11 studies involving 557 patients diagnosed with OSA were included in this meta-analysis. The general rate of olfactory dysfunction was 73% (95% CI: 56.481-87.057) among the patients with OSA. The patients with OSA had lower TDI scores compared to the control group and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). PAP treatment significantly improved the TDI scores in patients with OSA (p < 0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between the severity of apnea-hypopnea index and TDI scores (p = 0.001, z = -3.377, r = -0.438) and between age and TDI scores (p = 0.007, z = -2.695, r = -0.236).
CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis demonstrates that OSA impairs OF, while PAP treatment can reverse the olfactory performance of patients with OSA.
METHODS: All studies published in English that gave satisfactory data regarding the assessment of OF in patients with OSA were included in this review. First, a baseline assessment of OF in patients with OSA who had not received any treatment was examined. Second, the effect of PAP therapy on OF was assessed to be able to make before and after comparisons. The primary outcome of this study was the threshold-discrimination identification (TDI) scores, obtained from the Sniffin\' Sticks test.
RESULTS: The database search identified 552 articles. According to the exclusion criteria, 11 studies involving 557 patients diagnosed with OSA were included in this meta-analysis. The general rate of olfactory dysfunction was 73% (95% CI: 56.481-87.057) among the patients with OSA. The patients with OSA had lower TDI scores compared to the control group and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). PAP treatment significantly improved the TDI scores in patients with OSA (p < 0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between the severity of apnea-hypopnea index and TDI scores (p = 0.001, z = -3.377, r = -0.438) and between age and TDI scores (p = 0.007, z = -2.695, r = -0.236).
CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis demonstrates that OSA impairs OF, while PAP treatment can reverse the olfactory performance of patients with OSA.
摘要：
目的：调查阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者的嗅觉功能（OF），并评估气道正压通气（PAP）治疗是否对嗅觉表现有影响。
方法：本综述包括所有以英文发表的关于OSA患者OF评估的满意数据的研究。首先,对未接受任何治疗的OSA患者的OF基线评估进行了检查.第二,评估了PAP治疗对OF的影响,能够在比较前后进行评估.这项研究的主要结果是阈值判别识别（TDI）得分，从Sniffin\'Sticks测试中获得。
结果：数据库搜索确定了552篇文章。根据排除标准,该荟萃分析包括11项研究，涉及557例诊断为OSA的患者。OSA患者嗅觉功能障碍的一般发生率为73％（95％CI：56.481-87.057）。OSA患者的TDI评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(p<0.001)。PAP治疗可显著改善OSA患者的TDI评分(p<0.001)。呼吸暂停低通气指数的严重程度与TDI评分（p=0.001，z=-3.377，r=-0.438）以及年龄与TDI评分（p=0.007，z=-2.695，r=-0.236）之间存在显着负相关。
结论：这项荟萃分析表明OSA损害，而PAP治疗可以逆转OSA患者的嗅觉表现。
方法：本综述包括所有以英文发表的关于OSA患者OF评估的满意数据的研究。首先,对未接受任何治疗的OSA患者的OF基线评估进行了检查.第二,评估了PAP治疗对OF的影响,能够在比较前后进行评估.这项研究的主要结果是阈值判别识别（TDI）得分，从Sniffin\'Sticks测试中获得。
结果：数据库搜索确定了552篇文章。根据排除标准,该荟萃分析包括11项研究，涉及557例诊断为OSA的患者。OSA患者嗅觉功能障碍的一般发生率为73％（95％CI：56.481-87.057）。OSA患者的TDI评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(p<0.001)。PAP治疗可显著改善OSA患者的TDI评分(p<0.001)。呼吸暂停低通气指数的严重程度与TDI评分（p=0.001，z=-3.377，r=-0.438）以及年龄与TDI评分（p=0.007，z=-2.695，r=-0.236）之间存在显着负相关。
结论：这项荟萃分析表明OSA损害，而PAP治疗可以逆转OSA患者的嗅觉表现。
