PDF(Sci-hub)
Abstract：
Monocrotophos (MCP) is an organophosphate insecticide with broad application in agricultural crops like rice, maize, sugarcane, cotton, soybeans, groundnut and vegetables. MCP solubilize in water readily and thus reduced sorption occurs in soil. This leads to MCP leaching into the groundwater and pose a significant threat of contamination. The MCP\'s half-life depends on the temperature and pH value and estimated as 17-96 d. But the half-life of technical grade MCP can exceed up to 2500 days if properly stored at 38 °C in a glass or polyethylene container in a stable condition. It causes abnormality, ranging from mild to severe confusion, agitation, hypersalivation, convulsion, pulmonary failure, senescence in mammals and insects. MCP affects humans by inhibiting the activity of the acetylcholine esterase enzyme. MCP is accountable for the catalytic degradation of acetylcholine and affects the neurotransmission between neurons. This review discusses MCP\'s various aspects and fate on aquatic and terrestrial life forms, quantification methods for monitoring, various degradation processes, and their mechanisms. Different case studies related to its impact on the human population in different parts of the world have been discussed. Efforts have also been made to summarize and present different microbial population\'s role in its degradation and mineralization.
摘要：
久效磷（MCP）是一种有机磷杀虫剂，广泛应用于水稻等农作物，玉米,甘蔗,棉花,大豆,花生和蔬菜。MCP容易溶解在水中，因此在土壤中发生吸附减少。这导致MCP浸出到地下水中并造成严重的污染威胁。MCP的半衰期取决于温度和pH值，估计为17-96天。但是，如果在38°C的玻璃或聚乙烯容器中稳定储存，则工业级MCP的半衰期可超过2500天。它会导致异常，从轻度到严重的混乱，激动,唾液分泌过多,抽搐,肺衰竭,哺乳动物和昆虫的衰老。MCP通过抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性影响人类。MCP负责乙酰胆碱的催化降解并影响神经元之间的神经传递。这篇综述讨论了MCP对水生和陆生生命形式的各个方面和命运，监测的量化方法，各种降解过程，以及它们的机制。讨论了与其对世界不同地区人口的影响有关的不同案例研究。还努力总结和介绍了不同微生物种群在其降解和矿化中的作用。
