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Abstract：
Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions for simultaneous optimization of dependent variables, including DPPH radical scavenging activity (RSA), tyrosinase activity inhibition (TAI), and collagenase activity inhibition (CAI) of peanut shell extracts. The effects of the main variables including extraction time (5.0~55.0 min, X1), extraction temperature (26.0~94.0 °C, X2), and ethanol concentration (0.0%~99.5%, X3) were optimized. Based on experimental values from each condition, quadratic regression models were derived for the prediction of optimum conditions. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the independent variable was in the range of 0.89~0.96, which demonstrates that the regression model is suitable for the prediction. In predicting optimal UAE conditions based on the superimposing method, extraction time of 31.2 min, extraction temperature of 36.6 °C, and ethanol concentration of 93.2% were identified. Under these conditions, RSA of 74.9%, TAI of 50.6%, and CAI of 86.8% were predicted, showing good agreement with the experimental values. A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that peanut shell extract decreased mRNA levels of tyrosinase-related protein-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-3 genes in B16-F0 cell. Therefore, we identified the skin-whitening and anti-wrinkle effects of peanut shell extracts at protein as well as gene expression levels, and the results show that peanut shell is an effective cosmetic material for skin-whitening and anti-wrinkle effects. Based on this study, peanut shell, which was considered a byproduct, can be used for the development of healthy foods, medicines, and cosmetics.
摘要：
响应面法用于优化超声辅助提取（UAE）条件，以同时优化因变量，包括DPPH自由基清除活性（RSA），酪氨酸酶活性抑制（TAI），花生壳提取物的胶原酶活性抑制(CAI)。提取时间(5.0~55.0min,X1),提取温度(26.0~94.0℃，X2),和乙醇浓度(0.0%~99.5%，X3)进行了优化。根据每个条件的实验值，推导了二次回归模型，用于预测最佳条件。自变量的决定系数(R2)在0.89~0.96范围内,说明回归模型适用于预测。在基于叠加方法预测最优UAE条件时，提取时间31.2min，提取温度为36.6°C，乙醇浓度为93.2%。在这些条件下,RSA为74.9%，TAI为50.6%，预测CAI为86.8%，与实验值吻合良好。逆转录聚合酶链反应显示，花生壳提取物降低了B16-F0细胞中酪氨酸酶相关蛋白1和基质金属蛋白酶3基因的mRNA水平。因此,我们在蛋白质和基因表达水平上鉴定了花生壳提取物的美白和抗皱作用，结果表明，花生壳是一种有效的美白和抗皱效果的化妆品材料。基于这项研究，花生壳,这被认为是副产品，可用于开发健康食品，药物,和化妆品。
