PDF(Sci-hub)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The interaction of hormonal factors are crucial for good foetal development. During the second trimester of gestation, most of the main physiological processes of foetal development occur. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the variations in the physiological levels of cortisol, estriol, estrone sulphate, and progesterone during the second trimester (weeks 12-26) in order to establish normal ranges that can serve as indicators of foetal well-being and good functioning of the foetal-placental unit.
METHODS: Saliva samples from 106 pregnant women were collected weekly (from week 12 to week 26 of gestation), and hormonal measurements were assayed by an enzyme immunoassay. The technique used for hormone measurements was highly sensitive and served as a non-invasive method for sample collection.
RESULTS: The results revealed a statistically significant (p<0.05) difference between cortisol, progesterone, and oestrogens throughout the second trimester, with a more substantial relationship between oestrogens and progesterone [P4-E3 (r=0.427); P4-E1SO4 (r=0.419)]. By analysing these hormone concentrations, statistically significant (p<0.05) elevations in progesterone, cortisol, and estriol levels were found at the 16th [(P4 (0.78±0.088), C(1.99±0.116), E3(2.513±0.114)]; 18th [(P4 (1.116±0.144), C(3.409±0.137), E3(3.043±0.123)] and 23rd week of gestation [(P4(1.36±0.153), C(1.936±0.11), E3(2.657±0.07)]. Estrone sulphate levels appeared to increase progressively throughout the second trimester [from 1.103±0.03 to 2.244±0.09].
CONCLUSIONS: The 18th week of gestation seems to constitute a very important week during foetal adrenal development, and the analysis of the main hormones involved in foetal development, provided more precise information regarding the proper functioning of the foetal unit and foetal development.
METHODS: Saliva samples from 106 pregnant women were collected weekly (from week 12 to week 26 of gestation), and hormonal measurements were assayed by an enzyme immunoassay. The technique used for hormone measurements was highly sensitive and served as a non-invasive method for sample collection.
RESULTS: The results revealed a statistically significant (p<0.05) difference between cortisol, progesterone, and oestrogens throughout the second trimester, with a more substantial relationship between oestrogens and progesterone [P4-E3 (r=0.427); P4-E1SO4 (r=0.419)]. By analysing these hormone concentrations, statistically significant (p<0.05) elevations in progesterone, cortisol, and estriol levels were found at the 16th [(P4 (0.78±0.088), C(1.99±0.116), E3(2.513±0.114)]; 18th [(P4 (1.116±0.144), C(3.409±0.137), E3(3.043±0.123)] and 23rd week of gestation [(P4(1.36±0.153), C(1.936±0.11), E3(2.657±0.07)]. Estrone sulphate levels appeared to increase progressively throughout the second trimester [from 1.103±0.03 to 2.244±0.09].
CONCLUSIONS: The 18th week of gestation seems to constitute a very important week during foetal adrenal development, and the analysis of the main hormones involved in foetal development, provided more precise information regarding the proper functioning of the foetal unit and foetal development.
摘要：
背景：激素因素的相互作用对于良好的胎儿发育至关重要。在妊娠中期,胎儿发育的大多数主要生理过程发生。因此,这项研究的目的是确定皮质醇生理水平的变化，雌三醇,硫酸雌酮,和孕酮在孕中期（12-26周），以建立正常范围，可以作为胎儿健康和胎儿胎盘单位良好功能的指标。
方法：每周收集106名孕妇的唾液样本（从妊娠的第12周到第26周），和激素测量通过酶免疫测定法进行测定。用于激素测量的技术非常灵敏，可作为非侵入性的样品收集方法。
结果：结果显示皮质醇之间的差异具有统计学意义（p<0.05），黄体酮,和雌激素贯穿妊娠中期，雌激素和孕酮之间有更实质性的关系[P4-E3（r=0.427）；P4-E1SO4（r=0.419）]。通过分析这些激素浓度，孕酮升高具有统计学意义（p<0.05），皮质醇,16日发现雌三醇水平[(P4(0.78±0.088)，C(1.99±0.116),E3(2.513±0.114)]；第18[(P4(1.116±0.144)，C(3.409±0.137),E3（3.043±0.123）]和妊娠第23周[（P4（1.36±0.153），C(1.936±0.11),E3(2.657±0.07)].在整个孕中期，硫酸雌酮水平似乎逐渐增加[从1.103±0.03增加到2.244±0.09]。
结论：妊娠第18周似乎是胎儿肾上腺发育过程中非常重要的一周，并分析了参与胎儿发育的主要激素，提供了有关胎儿单位正常运作和胎儿发育的更精确信息。
方法：每周收集106名孕妇的唾液样本（从妊娠的第12周到第26周），和激素测量通过酶免疫测定法进行测定。用于激素测量的技术非常灵敏，可作为非侵入性的样品收集方法。
结果：结果显示皮质醇之间的差异具有统计学意义（p<0.05），黄体酮,和雌激素贯穿妊娠中期，雌激素和孕酮之间有更实质性的关系[P4-E3（r=0.427）；P4-E1SO4（r=0.419）]。通过分析这些激素浓度，孕酮升高具有统计学意义（p<0.05），皮质醇,16日发现雌三醇水平[(P4(0.78±0.088)，C(1.99±0.116),E3(2.513±0.114)]；第18[(P4(1.116±0.144)，C(3.409±0.137),E3（3.043±0.123）]和妊娠第23周[（P4（1.36±0.153），C(1.936±0.11),E3(2.657±0.07)].在整个孕中期，硫酸雌酮水平似乎逐渐增加[从1.103±0.03增加到2.244±0.09]。
结论：妊娠第18周似乎是胎儿肾上腺发育过程中非常重要的一周，并分析了参与胎儿发育的主要激素，提供了有关胎儿单位正常运作和胎儿发育的更精确信息。
