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Abstract：
Fruits are widely recognized as sources of biologically active metabolites, such as antioxidant compounds. In this context, fruits commonly consumed in the central Amazonia, especially in its biggest metropolis (Manaus - AM/Brazil), are attractive as potential sources of antioxidant compounds related to biological activities. Most of such fruits are still poorly studied and/or remain unknown outside the Amazon region. Therefore, this study aims to investigate nine fruits (abiu, cubiu, biribá, breadfruit, genipap, peach palm, murici, soursop, and umari) regarding their chemical composition (fixed and volatile), reducing capacity, antioxidant activity, enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxicity. Determination of small organic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavan-3-ols and flavonoid aglycones was done by HPLC-MS/MS, whereas determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was done by HS-SPME/GC-MS. Reducing capacity was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and antioxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH, ABTS, and H-ORACFL assays. In vitro activities regarding inhibition of enzymes were tested for α-glucosidase, lipase, and α-amylase, and anti-glycation activities were evaluated for methylglyoxal and fructose. Cytotoxicity of fruit extracts was evaluated by cell viability of human fibroblast cell line (MRC-5). A total of 16 antioxidant compounds and 139 VOCs were determined, whose profiles were unique for each studied fruit. Total phenolic contents as well as antioxidant activities found herein were similar or even higher than those reported for several traditional fruits. Some of fruit extracts were able to inhibit α-glucosidase and glycation in methylglyoxal and fructose models, whereas none of them was active for lipase and α-amylase. All of the fruit extracts showed to be non-cytotoxic to MRC-5 cell line.
摘要：
水果被广泛认为是生物活性代谢物的来源，如抗氧化剂化合物。在这种情况下，通常在中部亚马逊地区食用的水果，尤其是在其最大的大都市（马瑙斯-AM/巴西），作为与生物活性相关的抗氧化化合物的潜在来源是有吸引力的。大多数这样的水果仍然缺乏研究和/或在亚马逊地区以外仍然未知。因此,这项研究旨在调查九种水果(阿比，Cubiu,Biribá,面包果,Genipap,桃子棕榈,Murici,soursop,和umari)关于它们的化学成分(固定和挥发性)，减少容量，抗氧化活性，酶抑制，和细胞毒性。小有机酸的测定，羟基肉桂酸，黄烷-3-醇和类黄酮苷元通过HPLC-MS/MS进行，而挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的测定是通过HS-SPME/GC-MS完成的。还原能力由Folin-Ciocalteu方法确定，并通过DPPH评估抗氧化活性，ABTS,和H-ORACFL测定。对α-葡萄糖苷酶进行了有关酶抑制的体外活性测试，脂肪酶,和α-淀粉酶,并对甲基乙二醛和果糖的抗糖基化活性进行了评估。通过人成纤维细胞细胞系(MRC-5)的细胞活力评价果实提取物的细胞毒性。共测定了16种抗氧化化合物和139种VOCs，每个被研究的水果的特征都是独一无二的。本文发现的总酚含量以及抗氧化活性与几种传统水果的报道相似或甚至更高。一些水果提取物能够抑制甲基乙二醛和果糖模型中的α-葡萄糖苷酶和糖基化，而没有一个对脂肪酶和α-淀粉酶有活性。所有的果实提取物显示对MRC-5细胞系无细胞毒性。
