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Abstract：
Iranian diet quality has been evaluated using indices that have not been created based on Iranian dietary guidelines. This study aimed to examine the applicability of two diet quality indices by examining their associations with nutrient adequacy, nutrient intakes and sociodemographics.
Dietary data were collected using three 24-h dietary recalls from Iranian households. Nutrient adequacy was assessed using World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization 2002 (WHO/FAO) cut points. Household diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Sociodemographics of the household members were assessed. Regression analyses were used to examine associations between diet quality and nutrient adequacy, and between sociodemographics and diet quality.
A total of 6935 households were included in the analysis. Higher household diet quality was associated with adequate intake of calcium (HEI: OR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.13; DQI-I: OR 1.14, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.16), vitamin C (HEI: OR 1.19, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.20; DQI-I: OR 1.12, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.12) and protein (HEI: OR 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.02; DQI-I: OR 1.09, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.09). Higher household diet quality was associated with household heads who were older (> 56 years old) (HEI: β 2.06, 95% CI: 1.63, 2.50; DQI-I β 2.90, 95% CI: 2.34, 3.45), higher educated (college/university completed) (HEI: β 4.54, 95% CI: 4.02, 5.06; DQI-I: β 2.11, 95% CI: 1.45, 2.77) and living in urban areas (HEI: β 2.85, 95% CI: 2.54, 3.16; DQI-I: β 0.72, 95% CI: 0.32, 1.12).
Based on associations with nutrient adequacy and sociodemographics, the applicability of two diet quality indices for assessing the diet quality of Iranian households was demonstrated. Results also indicated DQI-I may be more applicable than HEI for evaluating Iranian nutrient adequacy. Findings have implications for the design and assessment of diet quality in Iranian populations. Future research should examine the link between these diet quality indices and health outcomes.
Dietary data were collected using three 24-h dietary recalls from Iranian households. Nutrient adequacy was assessed using World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization 2002 (WHO/FAO) cut points. Household diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Sociodemographics of the household members were assessed. Regression analyses were used to examine associations between diet quality and nutrient adequacy, and between sociodemographics and diet quality.
A total of 6935 households were included in the analysis. Higher household diet quality was associated with adequate intake of calcium (HEI: OR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.13; DQI-I: OR 1.14, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.16), vitamin C (HEI: OR 1.19, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.20; DQI-I: OR 1.12, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.12) and protein (HEI: OR 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.02; DQI-I: OR 1.09, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.09). Higher household diet quality was associated with household heads who were older (> 56 years old) (HEI: β 2.06, 95% CI: 1.63, 2.50; DQI-I β 2.90, 95% CI: 2.34, 3.45), higher educated (college/university completed) (HEI: β 4.54, 95% CI: 4.02, 5.06; DQI-I: β 2.11, 95% CI: 1.45, 2.77) and living in urban areas (HEI: β 2.85, 95% CI: 2.54, 3.16; DQI-I: β 0.72, 95% CI: 0.32, 1.12).
Based on associations with nutrient adequacy and sociodemographics, the applicability of two diet quality indices for assessing the diet quality of Iranian households was demonstrated. Results also indicated DQI-I may be more applicable than HEI for evaluating Iranian nutrient adequacy. Findings have implications for the design and assessment of diet quality in Iranian populations. Future research should examine the link between these diet quality indices and health outcomes.
摘要：
已使用尚未根据伊朗饮食指南创建的指数对伊朗饮食质量进行了评估。这项研究旨在通过检查两种饮食质量指标与营养充足性的关系来检查它们的适用性。营养素摄入量和社会人口统计学。
饮食数据是使用来自伊朗家庭的三个24小时饮食召回收集的。使用世界卫生组织/粮食及农业组织2002年（WHO/FAO）的切点评估了营养充足性。使用健康饮食指数（HEI）和国际饮食质量指数（DQI-I）计算家庭饮食质量。评估了家庭成员的社会人口统计学。回归分析用于检查饮食质量和营养充足性之间的关联，在社会人口统计学和饮食质量之间。
共有6935户家庭被纳入分析。较高的家庭饮食质量与充足的钙摄入量相关(HEI:OR1.11,95%CI:1.10,1.13;DQI-I:OR1.14,95%CI:1.13,1.16),维生素C(HEI:OR1.19,95%CI:1.17,1.20;DQI-I:OR1.12,95%CI:1.11,1.12)和蛋白质(HEI:OR1.01,95%CI:1.00,1.02;DQI-I:OR1.09,95%CI:1.08,1.09)。较高的家庭饮食质量与年龄较大（>56岁）的户主相关（HEI：β2.06，95％CI：1.63，2.50；DQI-Iβ2.90，95％CI：2.34，3.45），受过高等教育（大专/大学完成）（HEI：β4.54，95％CI：4.02，5.06；DQI-I：β2.11，95％CI：1.45，2.77）和居住在城市地区（HEI：β2.85，95％CI：2.54，3.16；DQI-I：β0.72，95％CI：0.32，1.12）。
基于与营养充足性和社会人口统计学的关联，证明了两种饮食质量指数对评估伊朗家庭饮食质量的适用性。结果还表明，DQI-I可能比HEI更适用于评估伊朗的营养素充足性。研究结果对伊朗人群的饮食质量设计和评估具有重要意义。未来的研究应该检查这些饮食质量指数与健康结果之间的联系。
饮食数据是使用来自伊朗家庭的三个24小时饮食召回收集的。使用世界卫生组织/粮食及农业组织2002年（WHO/FAO）的切点评估了营养充足性。使用健康饮食指数（HEI）和国际饮食质量指数（DQI-I）计算家庭饮食质量。评估了家庭成员的社会人口统计学。回归分析用于检查饮食质量和营养充足性之间的关联，在社会人口统计学和饮食质量之间。
共有6935户家庭被纳入分析。较高的家庭饮食质量与充足的钙摄入量相关(HEI:OR1.11,95%CI:1.10,1.13;DQI-I:OR1.14,95%CI:1.13,1.16),维生素C(HEI:OR1.19,95%CI:1.17,1.20;DQI-I:OR1.12,95%CI:1.11,1.12)和蛋白质(HEI:OR1.01,95%CI:1.00,1.02;DQI-I:OR1.09,95%CI:1.08,1.09)。较高的家庭饮食质量与年龄较大（>56岁）的户主相关（HEI：β2.06，95％CI：1.63，2.50；DQI-Iβ2.90，95％CI：2.34，3.45），受过高等教育（大专/大学完成）（HEI：β4.54，95％CI：4.02，5.06；DQI-I：β2.11，95％CI：1.45，2.77）和居住在城市地区（HEI：β2.85，95％CI：2.54，3.16；DQI-I：β0.72，95％CI：0.32，1.12）。
基于与营养充足性和社会人口统计学的关联，证明了两种饮食质量指数对评估伊朗家庭饮食质量的适用性。结果还表明，DQI-I可能比HEI更适用于评估伊朗的营养素充足性。研究结果对伊朗人群的饮食质量设计和评估具有重要意义。未来的研究应该检查这些饮食质量指数与健康结果之间的联系。
