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Abstract：
The past 25 years have seen a strong increase in the number of publications related to criticality in different areas of neuroscience. The potential of criticality to explain various brain properties, including optimal information processing, has made it an increasingly exciting area of investigation for neuroscientists. Recent reviews on this topic, sometimes termed brain criticality, make brief mention of clinical applications of these findings to several neurological disorders such as epilepsy, neurodegenerative disease, and neonatal hypoxia. Other clinicallyrelevant domains - including anesthesia, sleep medicine, developmental-behavioral pediatrics, and psychiatry - are seldom discussed in review papers of brain criticality. Thorough assessments of these application areas and their relevance for clinicians have also yet to be published. In this scoping review, studies of brain criticality involving human data of all ages are evaluated for their current and future clinical relevance. To make the results of these studies understandable to a more clinical audience, a review of the key concepts behind criticality (e.g., phase transitions, long-range temporal correlation, self-organized criticality, power laws, branching processes) precedes the discussion of human clinical studies. Open questions and forthcoming areas of investigation are also considered.
摘要：
在过去的25年中，与神经科学不同领域的关键相关的出版物数量大幅增加。关键解释各种大脑特性的潜力，包括最佳信息处理，使其成为神经科学家越来越令人兴奋的研究领域。最近关于这个主题的评论，有时被称为大脑临界，简要提及这些发现对几种神经系统疾病如癫痫的临床应用，神经退行性疾病，和新生儿缺氧。其他临床相关领域-包括麻醉，睡眠医学,发育行为儿科学，和精神病学-很少在大脑临界性的综述论文中讨论。对这些应用领域的全面评估及其对临床医生的相关性也尚未公布。在这次范围审查中，对涉及所有年龄段人类数据的大脑临界性研究进行了评估，以评估其当前和未来的临床相关性。为了让更多的临床观众理解这些研究的结果，对关键性背后的关键概念的审查(例如，相变,长期时间相关性，自组织临界性，幂律,分支过程)先于人类临床研究的讨论。还考虑了悬而未决的问题和即将进行的调查领域。
