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Abstract：
Human activities are considered a critical impact factor for decision-making in coupled human-nature systems, such as conservation of coastal systems. Identifying key human activities that cause significant habitat degradation for coastal species remains challenging. We improved the spatial subsidy approach to identify and prioritize control strategies for human-caused distribution shifts of marine species. We applied this method to a threatened Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) in Xiamen Bay, China. Our results indicate that (1) a significant distribution shift for humpback dolphins from existing nature reserves to peripheral waters occurred from 2011 to 2014; (2) coastal tourism and industrial and urban construction had more significant negative impacts on humpback dolphins than maritime transportation and reclamation; and (3) proactive management should be implemented for maritime transportation and reclamation, while reactive management should be implemented for coastal tourism and industrial and urban construction. Human impact analysis, combined with spatially explicit modeling, contributes to determining the spatial alternatives for conservation planning. In response to possible ecological damage caused by human activities, the improved spatial subsidy results help provide knowledge and platforms for ecological compensation.
摘要：
人类活动被认为是人类-自然耦合系统中决策的关键影响因素，例如保护沿海系统。确定导致沿海物种栖息地严重退化的关键人类活动仍然具有挑战性。我们改进了空间补贴方法，以确定和优先考虑人为引起的海洋物种分布变化的控制策略。我们将这种方法应用于厦门湾受威胁的印度太平洋座头海豚（Sousachinensis），中国。我们的结果表明：（1）2011年至2014年，座头海豚从现有自然保护区向周边水域的分布发生了显著转移；（2）沿海旅游和工业和城市建设对座头海豚的负面影响比海运和填海工程更大；（3）海上运输和填海工程应实施积极管理。而沿海旅游和工业和城市建设应实施被动管理。人类影响分析，结合空间显式建模，有助于确定保护规划的空间备选方案。为了应对人类活动可能造成的生态破坏，改进的空间补贴结果有助于为生态补偿提供知识和平台。
