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Abstract：
Zinc is an essential microelement that plays many important functions in the body. It is crucial for the regulation of cell growth, hormone release, immunological response and reproduction. This review focuses on its importance in the reproductive system of women of reproductive and postmenopausal ages, not including its well described role in pregnancy. Only recently, attention has been drawn to the potential role of zinc in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), dysmenorrhea, or endometriosis. This review is mainly based on 36 randomized, controlled studies on reproductive, pre- and post-menopausal populations of women and on research trying to explain the potential impact of zinc and its supplementation in the etiology of selected female reproductive system disorders. In women with PCOS, zinc supplementation has a positive effect on many parameters, especially those related to insulin resistance and lipid balance. In primary dysmenorrhea, zinc supplementation before and during each menstrual cycle seems to be an important factor reducing the intensity of menstrual pain. On the other hand, little is known of the role of zinc in endometriosis and in postmenopausal women. Therefore, further studies explaining the potential impact of zinc and its supplementation on female reproductive system would be highly advisable and valuable.
摘要：
锌是一种必需的微量元素，在体内发挥着许多重要功能。它对细胞生长的调节至关重要，激素释放，免疫反应和繁殖。这篇综述着重于其在生殖和绝经后妇女生殖系统中的重要性，不包括其在怀孕中的作用。只是最近,人们注意到锌在多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）中的潜在作用，痛经,或子宫内膜异位症。这篇综述主要基于36个随机分组，对生殖的对照研究，绝经前和绝经后的女性人群以及试图解释锌及其补充剂在某些女性生殖系统疾病病因中的潜在影响的研究。在患有PCOS的女性中，锌补充对许多参数有积极影响，尤其是那些与胰岛素抵抗和血脂平衡有关的。在原发性痛经中，在每个月经周期之前和期间补充锌似乎是减少月经疼痛强度的重要因素。另一方面,人们对锌在子宫内膜异位症和绝经后妇女中的作用知之甚少。因此,进一步研究解释锌及其补充剂对女性生殖系统的潜在影响将是非常可取和有价值的。
