Abstract：
Body mass (BM) manipulation via rapid weight loss (RWL) and rapid weight gain (RWG) is a common practice among mixed martial art (MMA) athletes to ensure qualification for the division in which the athlete wishes to compete. Professional MMA competitors in California are required to weigh in twice: 24 hr prior to competition and immediately prior to the bout after they have typically engaged in RWG. In analyzing data from five MMA events sanctioned by the Californian State Athletic Commission, the authors used Bayesian analyses to compare bout winners (n = 62) and losers (n = 62) in terms of in-competition BM (in kilograms) and the amount of BM regained between the two weigh-ins (in kilograms). These data do not support the hypothesis that differences in in-competition BM (Bayes factor [BF10] = 0.667, d = 0.23) or the amount of BM regained between the two weigh-ins (BF10 = 0.821, d = 0.23) determine winning or losing. In addition, there was no statistical difference between bouts ending via strikes, submission, or decision for either in-competition BM (BF10 = 0.686, ω2 < 0.01) or the amount of BM regained between the two weigh-ins (BF10 = 0.732, ω2 = 0.054). In conclusion, the authors report for the first time that the magnitude of RWG does not predict winning or losing in a professional cohort of MMA athletes. In addition, they also report that MMA athletes typically compete at a BM that is at least 1-2 divisions higher than the division in which they officially weighed-in. These analyses may provide impetus for governing bodies and coaches to enact changes at both professional and amateur levels to reduce negative health consequences associated with extreme RWL and RWG.
摘要：
通过快速减肥（RWL）和快速体重增加（RWG）进行体重（BM）操纵是混合武术（MMA）运动员的常见做法，以确保运动员希望参加比赛的分区资格。加利福尼亚州的专业MMA竞争对手必须在比赛前24小时和通常参加RWG后的比赛前进行两次权衡。在分析来自加利福尼亚州体育委员会批准的五个MMA事件的数据时，作者使用贝叶斯分析比较了比赛获胜者(n=62)和失败者(n=62)的比赛中BM(以千克为单位)和两次称重之间恢复的BM量(以千克为单位).这些数据不支持以下假设：竞争中的BM差异（贝叶斯因子[BF10]=0.667，d=0.23）或两次称重之间的BM恢复量（BF10=0.821，d=0.23）确定输赢。此外,通过罢工结束的回合之间没有统计学差异，submission,或决定竞争中的BM（BF10=0.686，ω2<0.01）或两次称重之间恢复的BM量（BF10=0.732，ω2=0.054）。总之,作者首次报道了RWG的大小并不能预测MMA运动员专业队列中的输赢.此外,他们还报告说，MMA运动员通常在BM比赛中至少比他们正式参与的部门高1-2个部门。这些分析可能为管理机构和教练制定专业和业余水平的变化提供动力，以减少与极端RWL和RWG相关的负面健康后果。
