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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The use of agricultural waste as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of hazardous methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution was investigated. In this research, the potentiality of using black nano olive stones (black NOS) and green nano olive stones (green NOS) for MB adsorption was conducted.
METHODS: Various remediation parameters such as initial MB concentration, pH, and temperature were investigated. Thermodynamic study was carried out to determine the homogeneity of the adsorbent and spontaneity of the adsorption process. Different physical and chemical characterizations were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, pore radius and pore volume.
RESULTS: It was found that NOS exhibits an acidic nature, however the highest MB removal efficiency was recorded at pH 10; reaching up to 71%. The negative value of the heat of the adsorption process (∆H ° ) indicated the reaction followed an exothermic pathway while the negative value of Gibbs adsorption (∆G ° ) further suggested its spontaneous nature. The results indicated that the Freundlich model described well the adsorption process with 99.5% correlation coefficient for green NOS. FTIR was used to analyze functional groups on the adsorbents\' surfaces that could play vital roles in the remediation process. SEM analysis revealed that the adsorbents comprised of abundant spherical deep cavities and porous nature.
CONCLUSIONS: The result obtained successfully demonstrated the potential of using black and green NOS as suitable adsorbents for the removal of MB from water.
METHODS: Various remediation parameters such as initial MB concentration, pH, and temperature were investigated. Thermodynamic study was carried out to determine the homogeneity of the adsorbent and spontaneity of the adsorption process. Different physical and chemical characterizations were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, pore radius and pore volume.
RESULTS: It was found that NOS exhibits an acidic nature, however the highest MB removal efficiency was recorded at pH 10; reaching up to 71%. The negative value of the heat of the adsorption process (∆H ° ) indicated the reaction followed an exothermic pathway while the negative value of Gibbs adsorption (∆G ° ) further suggested its spontaneous nature. The results indicated that the Freundlich model described well the adsorption process with 99.5% correlation coefficient for green NOS. FTIR was used to analyze functional groups on the adsorbents\' surfaces that could play vital roles in the remediation process. SEM analysis revealed that the adsorbents comprised of abundant spherical deep cavities and porous nature.
CONCLUSIONS: The result obtained successfully demonstrated the potential of using black and green NOS as suitable adsorbents for the removal of MB from water.
摘要：
背景：研究了使用农业废物作为低成本吸附剂从水溶液中去除有害的亚甲基蓝（MB）。在这项研究中,研究了使用黑色纳米橄榄石（黑色NOS）和绿色纳米橄榄石（绿色NOS）吸附MB的潜力。
方法：各种修复参数，例如初始MB浓度，pH值,和温度进行了调查。进行了热力学研究以确定吸附剂的均匀性和吸附过程的自发性。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究了不同的物理和化学特性，傅里叶变换红外(FTIR),Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)表面积,孔隙半径和孔隙体积。
结果：发现NOS具有酸性，然而，在pH10时记录到最高的MB去除效率；达到71％。吸附过程热量的负值（ΔH°）表明反应遵循放热途径，而吉布斯吸附的负值（ΔG°）进一步表明其自发性质。结果表明，Freundlich模型很好地描述了绿色NOS的吸附过程，相关系数为99.5％。FTIR用于分析吸附剂表面上的官能团，这些官能团在修复过程中起着至关重要的作用。SEM分析表明，吸附剂由丰富的球形深腔和多孔性质组成。
结论：获得的结果成功地证明了使用黑色和绿色NOS作为从水中去除MB的合适吸附剂的潜力。
方法：各种修复参数，例如初始MB浓度，pH值,和温度进行了调查。进行了热力学研究以确定吸附剂的均匀性和吸附过程的自发性。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究了不同的物理和化学特性，傅里叶变换红外(FTIR),Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)表面积,孔隙半径和孔隙体积。
结果：发现NOS具有酸性，然而，在pH10时记录到最高的MB去除效率；达到71％。吸附过程热量的负值（ΔH°）表明反应遵循放热途径，而吉布斯吸附的负值（ΔG°）进一步表明其自发性质。结果表明，Freundlich模型很好地描述了绿色NOS的吸附过程，相关系数为99.5％。FTIR用于分析吸附剂表面上的官能团，这些官能团在修复过程中起着至关重要的作用。SEM分析表明，吸附剂由丰富的球形深腔和多孔性质组成。
结论：获得的结果成功地证明了使用黑色和绿色NOS作为从水中去除MB的合适吸附剂的潜力。
