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Abstract：
To examine the relationship between pubertal timing (using measures of height tempo) and proximal femur shape in a large adolescent cohort.
Hip DXA scans were obtained in offspring from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. To quantify hip morphology, the images were analyzed using Shape software based on a 53-point statistical shape model and independent modes of variation (hip shape mode (HSM) scores) for each image were generated. Height tempo (which corresponds to age at peak height velocity (aPHV)) was estimated from serial height measurements collected between age 5-20 years. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine cross-sectional associations between height tempo and the top ten HSMs at age 14 and 18, adjusting for sex and fat mass index (FMI).
Complete outcome and covariate data were available from 3827 and 3507 participants at age 14 and 18 years, respectively. Mean aPHV was 13.5 and 11.8 years for males and females, respectively. At age 14, height tempo was associated with a majority of modes, except for HSM4 and there was strong evidence of interaction by sex. In males, all modes showed evidence of an association with tempo, independent of FMI, with the strongest observed for HSM8 (adjusted β 0.38 (0.33, 0.43) p = 4.1 × 10-50). Compared with males, the associations were generally weaker in females, with the strongest effect observed for HSM8 (adjusted β 0.10 (0.05, 0.14) p = 1.6 × 10-5). The overall effect of later pubertal timing on proximal femur shape in males was a narrower femoral neck and larger superolateral head, whereas in females these changes were hard to discern. When assessed at age 18, there was little relationship between tempo and proximal femur shape in either sex.
Our results indicate that significant changes in hip shape occur during puberty, including aspects of shape which may be related to future risk of hip OA and/or fracture. However, puberty timing per se does not appear to exert long lasting effects on proximal femur shape.
Hip DXA scans were obtained in offspring from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. To quantify hip morphology, the images were analyzed using Shape software based on a 53-point statistical shape model and independent modes of variation (hip shape mode (HSM) scores) for each image were generated. Height tempo (which corresponds to age at peak height velocity (aPHV)) was estimated from serial height measurements collected between age 5-20 years. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine cross-sectional associations between height tempo and the top ten HSMs at age 14 and 18, adjusting for sex and fat mass index (FMI).
Complete outcome and covariate data were available from 3827 and 3507 participants at age 14 and 18 years, respectively. Mean aPHV was 13.5 and 11.8 years for males and females, respectively. At age 14, height tempo was associated with a majority of modes, except for HSM4 and there was strong evidence of interaction by sex. In males, all modes showed evidence of an association with tempo, independent of FMI, with the strongest observed for HSM8 (adjusted β 0.38 (0.33, 0.43) p = 4.1 × 10-50). Compared with males, the associations were generally weaker in females, with the strongest effect observed for HSM8 (adjusted β 0.10 (0.05, 0.14) p = 1.6 × 10-5). The overall effect of later pubertal timing on proximal femur shape in males was a narrower femoral neck and larger superolateral head, whereas in females these changes were hard to discern. When assessed at age 18, there was little relationship between tempo and proximal femur shape in either sex.
Our results indicate that significant changes in hip shape occur during puberty, including aspects of shape which may be related to future risk of hip OA and/or fracture. However, puberty timing per se does not appear to exert long lasting effects on proximal femur shape.
摘要：
在大型青少年队列中检查青春期时间（使用身高节奏的测量）与股骨近端形状之间的关系。
髋部DXA扫描是从雅芳父母和子女纵向研究的后代中获得的。为了量化髋关节形态，使用基于53点统计形状模型的Shape软件对图像进行分析,并生成每张图像的独立变异模式(髋形模式(HSM)评分).根据5-20岁之间收集的连续身高测量值估算身高节奏（对应于峰值身高速度（aPHV）的年龄）。多变量线性回归用于检查14岁和18岁时身高节奏与前十位HSM之间的横截面关联，并根据性别和脂肪质量指数（FMI）进行调整。
完整的结果和协变量数据来自3827和3507名14岁和18岁的参与者，分别。男性和女性的平均aPHV为13.5年和11.8年，分别。14岁时，身高节奏与大多数模式有关，除了HSM4，并且有强烈的性别相互作用的证据。在男性中，所有模式都显示出与节奏有关的证据，独立于FMI，在HSM8中观察到最强（调整后的β0.38（0.33，0.43）p=4.1×10-50）。与男性相比，女性的联想通常较弱，对HSM8观察到的效果最强（调整后的β0.10（0.05，0.14）p=1.6×10-5）。青春期后期对男性股骨近端形状的总体影响是股骨颈较窄和前外侧头较大，而在女性中，这些变化很难辨别。在18岁时进行评估时，两种性别的速度与股骨近端形状之间几乎没有关系。
我们的结果表明，在青春期，髋关节形状发生显著变化，包括可能与未来髋关节OA和/或骨折风险相关的形状方面。然而,青春期时间本身似乎不会对股骨近端形状产生持久的影响。
髋部DXA扫描是从雅芳父母和子女纵向研究的后代中获得的。为了量化髋关节形态，使用基于53点统计形状模型的Shape软件对图像进行分析,并生成每张图像的独立变异模式(髋形模式(HSM)评分).根据5-20岁之间收集的连续身高测量值估算身高节奏（对应于峰值身高速度（aPHV）的年龄）。多变量线性回归用于检查14岁和18岁时身高节奏与前十位HSM之间的横截面关联，并根据性别和脂肪质量指数（FMI）进行调整。
完整的结果和协变量数据来自3827和3507名14岁和18岁的参与者，分别。男性和女性的平均aPHV为13.5年和11.8年，分别。14岁时，身高节奏与大多数模式有关，除了HSM4，并且有强烈的性别相互作用的证据。在男性中，所有模式都显示出与节奏有关的证据，独立于FMI，在HSM8中观察到最强（调整后的β0.38（0.33，0.43）p=4.1×10-50）。与男性相比，女性的联想通常较弱，对HSM8观察到的效果最强（调整后的β0.10（0.05，0.14）p=1.6×10-5）。青春期后期对男性股骨近端形状的总体影响是股骨颈较窄和前外侧头较大，而在女性中，这些变化很难辨别。在18岁时进行评估时，两种性别的速度与股骨近端形状之间几乎没有关系。
我们的结果表明，在青春期，髋关节形状发生显著变化，包括可能与未来髋关节OA和/或骨折风险相关的形状方面。然而,青春期时间本身似乎不会对股骨近端形状产生持久的影响。
