Abstract：
Vaccination is an effective strategy to reduce the burden of preventable illness. However, many clinical reports revealed that various vaccinations may associate with neurological disorders, mainly including autoimmune disease, febrile seizure, and vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP). Although more and more reports revealed that part of the above post-vaccine neurological disorders is not directly related to vaccination, it may be merely a coincidence. However, these reports may increase the hesitancy on vaccination for the public population and influence the coverage of vaccination. In this report, we described a child with acute flaccid paralysis possibly caused by a poliovirus vaccine. To provide feasible ways to realize or reduce the risk of neurological adverse events caused by vaccines, we further provide a mini-review of the literature of vaccination associated with neurological adverse events. This revealed that oral poliomyelitis vaccine use exclusively and type 2 serotype poliomyelitis vaccine virus were the risk factors for VAPP. The combination vaccine was associated with an increased risk of ADEM and FS following immunization when compared with the administration of vaccines separately. Even though cases have been reported that vaccination may be a trigger of anti-NMDARe and GBS, there is no direct evidence to prove that vaccination increased the risk of GBS and anti-NMDARe.
摘要：
疫苗接种是减轻可预防疾病负担的有效策略。然而,许多临床报告显示，各种疫苗接种可能与神经系统疾病有关，主要包括自身免疫性疾病，高热性癫痫,和疫苗相关的麻痹性脊髓灰质炎（VAPP）。尽管越来越多的报道揭示上述疫苗后神经系统疾病的一部分与接种疫苗没有直接关系,这可能只是一个巧合。然而,这些报告可能会增加公众对疫苗接种的犹豫，并影响疫苗接种的覆盖面。在这份报告中,我们描述了一个可能由脊髓灰质炎疫苗引起的急性弛缓性麻痹儿童。为实现或降低疫苗引起的神经系统不良事件的风险提供可行的途径。我们进一步提供了与神经系统不良事件相关的疫苗接种文献的小型综述.这表明口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗和2型血清型脊髓灰质炎疫苗病毒是VAPP的危险因素。当与单独施用疫苗相比时,组合疫苗与免疫后ADEM和FS的风险增加相关。尽管有报道称疫苗接种可能是抗NMDARe和GBS的触发因素，没有直接证据证明接种疫苗会增加GBS和抗NMDARe的风险.
