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Abstract：
During surgery, one of the primary functions of the anesthesiologist is to monitor the patient and ensure safe and effective conduct of anesthesia to provide the optimum operating conditions. Standard guidelines for perioperative monitoring have been firmly established by the American Society of Anesthesiologists. However, in recent years, new advances in technology has led to the development of many new monitoring modalities, especially involving the neurologic and cardiovascular systems. This article presents a targeted review to discuss the functions and limitations of these new monitors and how they are applied in the modern operating room setting.
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