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Abstract：
Our previous study found that consumption of very low mineral drinking water may retard height development in schoolchildren; however, its association with bone modeling remained unknown.
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of very low mineral water on biomarkers of bone modeling in children.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 2 groups of 10-13-y-old children who had consumed drinking water with normal mineral contents (conductivity 345 μs/cm, the NW group including 119 boys and 110 girls) or very low mineral contents (conductivity 40.0 μs/cm, the VLW group including 223 boys and 208 girls) in school for 4 y. Differences in daily total mineral intakes, developmental parameters, serum biomarkers of osteoblast activity, and bone formation and resorption between the 2 groups were analyzed with independent t test and chi-square test. Associations of developmental parameters and serum biomarkers with Ca intake from drinking water were analyzed with multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression.
Compared with the NW group, the VLW group had lower daily Ca intake, height increase, bone mineral content (BMC), osteoblast activity [serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP)] (means ± SDs: 433 ± 131 mg, 16.6 ± 8.27 cm, 1.92 ± 0.431 kg, and 9.28 ± 1.42 μg/L compared with 497 ± 155 mg, 22.3 ± 8.45 cm, 2.14 ± 0.354 kg, and 11.0 ± 0.823 μg/L, respectively, P < 0.001), and higher bone resorption [serum crosslinked C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), mean ± SD: 142 ± 46.9 nmol/L compared with 130 ± 40.6 nmol/L, P = 0.001). Ca intake from drinking water was positively associated with height increase, BMC, and BALP (β: 0.0667, 95% CI: 0.0540, 0.0793; β: 3.22, 95% CI: 2.37, 4.08; and β: 23.9, 95% CI: 20.6, 27.2), respectively, P < 0.001), and was negatively associated with CTX (β: -0.206, 95% CI:-0.321, -0.0904, P < 0.001).
These changes suggested that consumption of very low mineral water may be associated with osteoblast inhibition, bone resorption activation, bone mineral reduction, and height development retardation. The health risk of consuming very low mineral water should be considered in children.
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of very low mineral water on biomarkers of bone modeling in children.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 2 groups of 10-13-y-old children who had consumed drinking water with normal mineral contents (conductivity 345 μs/cm, the NW group including 119 boys and 110 girls) or very low mineral contents (conductivity 40.0 μs/cm, the VLW group including 223 boys and 208 girls) in school for 4 y. Differences in daily total mineral intakes, developmental parameters, serum biomarkers of osteoblast activity, and bone formation and resorption between the 2 groups were analyzed with independent t test and chi-square test. Associations of developmental parameters and serum biomarkers with Ca intake from drinking water were analyzed with multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression.
Compared with the NW group, the VLW group had lower daily Ca intake, height increase, bone mineral content (BMC), osteoblast activity [serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP)] (means ± SDs: 433 ± 131 mg, 16.6 ± 8.27 cm, 1.92 ± 0.431 kg, and 9.28 ± 1.42 μg/L compared with 497 ± 155 mg, 22.3 ± 8.45 cm, 2.14 ± 0.354 kg, and 11.0 ± 0.823 μg/L, respectively, P < 0.001), and higher bone resorption [serum crosslinked C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), mean ± SD: 142 ± 46.9 nmol/L compared with 130 ± 40.6 nmol/L, P = 0.001). Ca intake from drinking water was positively associated with height increase, BMC, and BALP (β: 0.0667, 95% CI: 0.0540, 0.0793; β: 3.22, 95% CI: 2.37, 4.08; and β: 23.9, 95% CI: 20.6, 27.2), respectively, P < 0.001), and was negatively associated with CTX (β: -0.206, 95% CI:-0.321, -0.0904, P < 0.001).
These changes suggested that consumption of very low mineral water may be associated with osteoblast inhibition, bone resorption activation, bone mineral reduction, and height development retardation. The health risk of consuming very low mineral water should be considered in children.
摘要：
我们先前的研究发现，饮用极低矿物质的饮用水可能会阻碍学童的身高发育；然而，其与骨建模的关联仍然未知。
这项研究的目的是调查非常低的矿泉水对儿童骨建模生物标志物的影响。
对2组10-13岁儿童进行了回顾性队列研究，这些儿童饮用矿物质含量正常的饮用水（电导率345μs/cm，NW组包括119名男孩和110名女孩)或非常低的矿物质含量(电导率40.0μs/cm，VLW组包括223名男孩和208名女孩)在学校持续4年。每日总矿物质摄入量的差异，发育参数，成骨细胞活性的血清生物标志物，采用独立t检验和卡方检验分析两组间的骨形成和骨吸收。用多元线性回归和二元逻辑回归分析发育参数和血清生物标志物与饮用水钙摄入量的关系。
与西北组相比，VLW组每日钙摄入量较低，高度增加，骨矿物质含量（BMC），成骨细胞活性[血清骨碱性磷酸酶（BALP）]（平均值±SD：433±131mg，16.6±8.27cm,1.92±0.431kg,和9.28±1.42μg/L，而497±155mg，22.3±8.45厘米，2.14±0.354kg,和11.0±0.823μg/L，分别,P<0.001)，和更高的骨吸收[I型胶原（CTX）的血清交联C端肽，平均值±SD：142±46.9nmol/L与130±40.6nmol/L相比，P=0.001)。从饮用水中摄取钙与身高增加呈正相关,BMC,和BALP（β：0.0667，95％CI：0.0540，0.0793；β：3.22，95％CI：2.37，4.08；和β：23.9，95％CI：20.6，27.2），分别,P<0.001)，与CTX呈负相关(β:-0.206,95%CI:-0.321,-0.0904,P<0.001)。
这些变化表明，消耗非常低的矿泉水可能与成骨细胞抑制有关，骨吸收激活，骨矿物质减少，高度发育迟缓。应考虑儿童食用极低矿泉水的健康风险。
这项研究的目的是调查非常低的矿泉水对儿童骨建模生物标志物的影响。
对2组10-13岁儿童进行了回顾性队列研究，这些儿童饮用矿物质含量正常的饮用水（电导率345μs/cm，
与西北组相比，
这些变化表明，消耗非常低的矿泉水可能与成骨细胞抑制有关，
