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Abstract：
The epilepsies are a complex group of disorders that can be caused by a myriad of genetic and acquired factors. As such, identifying interventions that will prevent development of epilepsy, as well as cure the disorder once established, will require a multifaceted approach. Here we discuss the progress in scientific discovery propelling us towards this goal, including identification of genetic risk factors and big data approaches that integrate clinical and molecular \'omics\' datasets to identify common pathophysiological signatures and biomarkers. We discuss the many animal and cellular models of epilepsy, what they have taught us about pathophysiology, and the cutting edge cellular, optogenetic, chemogenetic and anti-seizure drug screening approaches that are being used to find new cures in these models. Finally, we reflect on the work that still needs to be done towards identify at-risk individuals early, targeting and stopping epileptogenesis, and optimizing promising treatment approaches. Ultimately, developing and implementing cures for epilepsy will require a coordinated and immense effort from clinicians and basic scientists, as well as industry, and should always be guided by the needs of individuals affected by epilepsy and their families. This article is part of the special issue entitled \'New Epilepsy Therapies for the 21st Century - From Antiseizure Drugs to Prevention, Modification and Cure of Epilepsy\'.
摘要：
癫痫是一组复杂的疾病，可能由无数的遗传和后天因素引起。因此，确定可以预防癫痫发展的干预措施，以及治愈疾病一旦建立，将需要多方面的方法。在这里，我们讨论推动我们实现这一目标的科学发现的进展，包括识别遗传风险因素和整合临床和分子组学数据集的大数据方法，以识别常见的病理生理特征和生物标志物。我们讨论了许多癫痫的动物和细胞模型，他们教给我们的病理生理学，和尖端的细胞，光遗传学,用于在这些模型中寻找新疗法的化学遗传和抗癫痫药物筛选方法。最后,我们反思仍然需要做的工作，以便及早识别有风险的个人，靶向和阻止癫痫发生，并优化有前途的治疗方法。最终,开发和实施治疗癫痫需要临床医生和基础科学家的协调和巨大的努力，以及工业,并应始终以癫痫患者及其家人的需求为指导。本文是题为“21世纪新的癫痫疗法-从抗癫痫药物到预防”的特刊的一部分，癫痫的改变和治愈。
