Abstract：
The frequency of bronchopulmonary protozoan infections has raised due to increased number of immunosuppressed patients in recent years. One of them is Lophomonas blattarum which is a multi-flagellated protozoan parasite of termites and several cockroach species. The drug regimens commonly used in bronchopulmonary infections are not effective against L. blattarum. Therefore, rapid and accurate diagnosis of L. blattarum infection is of great importance in the treatment success. The laboratory diagnosis of L. blattarum infection is made on the basis of observation of the characteristic trophozoite in various samples. It is of a great importance to distinguish the protozoon from ciliated respiratory epithelium to avoid wrong positivity. The presented case developed an acute respiratory distress syndrome a short while after taking nivolumab immunotherapy. The morphological features of L. blattarum were demonstrated by examining the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the patient under light microscopy. Additionally, URL (https://youtu.be/EQIAsFl6AJY) of a smart-phone based video of trophozoite of this patient was added into this report.
摘要：
近年来，由于免疫抑制患者数量的增加，支气管肺原生动物感染的频率有所增加。其中之一是白蚁Lophomonasblattarum，它是白蚁和几种蟑螂物种的多鞭毛原生动物寄生虫。常用于支气管肺感染的药物方案对布氏乳杆菌无效。因此,快速准确的诊断对治疗成功具有重要意义。根据对各种样品中特征滋养体的观察，进行了实验室诊断。区分原生动物与纤毛呼吸道上皮以避免错误的阳性非常重要。该病例在服用nivolumab免疫治疗后不久出现了急性呼吸窘迫综合征。通过在光学显微镜下检查患者的支气管肺泡灌洗液，证明了布氏乳杆菌的形态特征。此外,URL(https://youtu.本报告中添加了该患者的基于智能手机的滋养体视频的be/EQIAsFl6AJY）。
