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Abstract：
Schistosomiasis is one of the most significant parasitic diseases of humans. The hybridization of closely related Schistosoma species has already been documented. However, hybridization between phylogenetically distant species is unusual. In the present study, we characterized the causative agent of schistosomiasis in a 14-year-old patient with hematuria from Côte d\'Ivoire, using morphological and molecular approaches. A 24-hour parasitological examination of urine showed the presence of numerous eggs (150 μm long × 62 μm wide) with a lateral spine (25 μm), identified morphologically as Schistosoma mansoni. Examination of stools performed on the same day found no parasites. The urine and stool examinations of the patient\'s family members performed two weeks later showed neither parasites nor hematuria; but in contrast, many S. mansoni eggs were found again in the patient\'s urine, but never in his stools. Conventional PCRs were performed, using two primer pairs targeting 28S-rDNA and COI mtDNA. The 28S-rDNA sequence of these eggs, compared with two reference sequences from GenBank demonstrated a hybrid with 25 double peaks, indicating clearly hybrid positions (5.37%) between S. mansoni and S. haematobium. Similarly, we identified a unique S. mansoni COI sequence for the two eggs, with 99.1% homology with the S. mansoni reference sequence. Consequently, this case was the result of hybridization between an S. haematobium male and an S. mansoni female. This should be taken into consideration to explore the elimination of ectopic schistosome eggs in the future.
摘要：
血吸虫病是人类最重要的寄生虫病之一。已经记录了紧密相关的血吸虫物种的杂交。然而,系统发育遥远的物种之间的杂交是不寻常的。在本研究中,我们对一名来自科特迪瓦的14岁血尿患者的血吸虫病病原体进行了表征，使用形态学和分子方法。对尿液进行24小时的寄生虫学检查显示存在许多卵（长150μm×宽62μm），具有侧面脊柱（25μm），形态学鉴定为曼氏血吸虫。当天进行的粪便检查未发现寄生虫。两周后对患者家属进行的尿液和粪便检查显示既无寄生虫也无血尿，在病人的尿液中再次发现了许多曼氏虫卵，但从来没有在他的凳子。进行了常规PCRs，使用针对28S-rDNA和COImtDNA的两个引物对。这些卵的28S-rDNA序列,与来自GenBank的两个参考序列相比，证明了具有25个双峰的杂种，清楚地表明曼氏链球菌和血吸虫链球菌之间的杂交位置（5.37％）。同样，我们确定了两个卵的独特的曼索尼COI序列，与S.mansoni参考序列具有99.1%的同源性。因此,该病例是一名男性嗜血链球菌和一名女性曼氏链球菌杂交的结果。将来探索消除异位血吸虫卵时应考虑到这一点。
