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Abstract：
Environmental impairment resulted from urbanizations can produce damage on freshwater species including strong physiological effects at individual or population level. The multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) is a defence mechanism which has been demonstrated in several aquatic organisms. The key mediators of MXR activity are ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins like P-glycoprotein (P-gp). This system protects aquatic organisms against the accumulation of xenobiotics by extruding them from cells in an energy-dependent manner. MXR has been pointed out as relevant in the ecotoxicological context and has been proposed as a biomarker for pollution assessment. Since fish species are common target in freshwater biomonitoring programs, the purpose of the study was to evaluate the MXR mechanism in native Hatcheria macraei (Patagonian catfish) and exotics Salmo trutta (brown trout), Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) and Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Chinook salmon) freshwater fishes widespread in Argentine Patagonia. We characterized the MXR mechanism using a combination of functional assays and Western blot analysis. Our results in different tissues such as liver, gills, muscle and epidermis indicate that the fishes studied have different species-specific levels of MXR activity, being gills and liver the tissues with greater detoxifying activity. Induction of MXR transport activity was also identified in liver tissue from rainbow trout from urban stream suggesting their suitability in the biomonitoring of aquatic environments subjected to urban contaminants.
摘要：
城市化导致的环境损害可能对淡水物种造成损害，包括个人或人口水平的强烈生理影响。多异种生物抗性（MXR）是一种防御机制，已在几种水生生物中得到证实。MXR活性的关键介质是ATP结合盒(ABC)蛋白,如P-糖蛋白(P-gp)。该系统通过以能量依赖的方式将其从细胞中挤出来保护水生生物免受异源生物的积累。MXR已被指出在生态毒理学背景下相关，并已被提议作为污染评估的生物标志物。由于鱼类是淡水生物监测计划的共同目标，该研究的目的是评估本地Hatcheriamacraei（巴塔哥尼亚cat鱼）和外来物种Salmotrutta（棕色鳟鱼）的MXR机制，Oncorhynchusmykiss（虹鳟鱼）和Oncorhynchustshawytscha（奇努克鲑鱼）淡水鱼在阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚广泛分布。我们使用功能分析和Western印迹分析的组合表征了MXR机制。我们在肝脏等不同组织中的结果，ill,肌肉和表皮表明所研究的鱼类具有不同的物种特异性水平的MXR活性，是ill和肝脏具有更大解毒活性的组织。在城市溪流的虹鳟鱼的肝脏组织中也发现了MXR运输活动的诱导，这表明它们适用于受城市污染物影响的水生环境的生物监测。
