Mesh ： Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial Amyloidosis / complications diagnosis pathology physiopathology Arthritis, Rheumatoid / diagnosis Arthroplasty Biopsy Bone Neoplasms / diagnosis Bone and Bones Cartilage, Articular Chondrosarcoma / diagnosis Conservative Treatment Cyclophosphamide / therapeutic use Diagnosis, Differential Humans Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use Joint Diseases / diagnosis etiology pathology physiopathology Ligaments Liver Transplantation Melphalan / therapeutic use Muscular Diseases / diagnosis etiology pathology physiopathology Musculoskeletal Diseases / diagnosis etiology pathology physiopathology Orthopedic Procedures Prednisone / therapeutic use Risk Factors Serum Amyloid A Protein Sex Factors Spondylarthropathies / diagnosis Synovial Membrane beta 2-Microglobulin

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Abstract：
Amyloidosis is a poorly understood condition that can wreak havoc on numerous systems within the human body. In addition, this disease can present in multiple forms which each have their own unique physiology and subsequent effects. However, while the literature on the etiology and effect of amyloidosis on various organ systems is numerous, few have highlighted the musculoskeletal manifestations of this devastating disease. This review focuses on the recent research on amyloid deposition in the musculoskeletal system. Additionally, risk factors, classification, differential diagnoses, indications for biopsy, and manifestations of amyloidosis in the musculoskeletal system as well as in other tissues are discussed. Furthermore, the surgical and nonsurgical approaches to treatment are covered. (Journal of Surgical Orthopaedic Advances 27(1):1-5, 2018).
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