Abstract：
To optimise care and support for people with intellectual disabilities (ID), sharing and application of knowledge is a precondition. In healthcare in general, there is a body of knowledge on bridging the \'know-do-gap\'. However, it is not known to what extent the identified barriers and facilitators to knowledge sharing and application also hold for the care and support of people with ID, due to its specific characteristics including long-term care. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to identify which organisational factors are enabling and/or disabling in stimulating the sharing and application of knowledge in the care and support of people with ID.
A systematic review was conducted using five electronic databases of relevant articles published in English between January 2000 and December 2015. During each phase of selection and analysis a minimum of two independent reviewers assessed all articles according to PRISMA guidelines.
In total 2,256 articles were retrieved, of which 19 articles met our inclusion criteria. All organisational factors retrieved from these articles were categorised into three main clusters: (1) characteristics of the intervention (factors related to the tools and processes by which the method was implemented); (2) factors related to people (both at an individual and group level); and, (3) factors related to the organisational context (both material factors (office arrangements and ICT system, resources, time and organisation) and immaterial factors (training, staff, size of team)).
Overall analyses of the retrieved factors suggest that they are related to each other through the preconditional role of management (i.e., practice leadership) and the key role of professionals (i.e. (in)ability to fulfill new roles).
A systematic review was conducted using five electronic databases of relevant articles published in English between January 2000 and December 2015. During each phase of selection and analysis a minimum of two independent reviewers assessed all articles according to PRISMA guidelines.
In total 2,256 articles were retrieved, of which 19 articles met our inclusion criteria. All organisational factors retrieved from these articles were categorised into three main clusters: (1) characteristics of the intervention (factors related to the tools and processes by which the method was implemented); (2) factors related to people (both at an individual and group level); and, (3) factors related to the organisational context (both material factors (office arrangements and ICT system, resources, time and organisation) and immaterial factors (training, staff, size of team)).
Overall analyses of the retrieved factors suggest that they are related to each other through the preconditional role of management (i.e., practice leadership) and the key role of professionals (i.e. (in)ability to fulfill new roles).
摘要：
为了优化对智障人士（ID）的护理和支持，知识的共享和应用是前提。在一般的医疗保健中，有一套关于弥合“知识差距”的知识体系。然而,目前尚不清楚所确定的知识共享和应用的障碍和促进者在多大程度上也能照顾和支持有身份证的人，由于其特殊的特点，包括长期护理。因此,我们进行了一项系统回顾,以确定哪些组织因素在激励ID患者的护理和支持中分享和应用知识方面发挥了作用和/或发挥了作用.
使用2000年1月至2015年12月以英文发表的五个相关文章的电子数据库进行了系统评价。在选择和分析的每个阶段，至少有两名独立审稿人根据PRISMA指南评估所有文章。
共检索到2256篇文章，其中19篇文章符合我们的纳入标准。从这些文章中检索到的所有组织因素都分为三个主要类别：（1）干预措施的特征（与实施该方法的工具和过程相关的因素）；（2）与人相关的因素（在个人和群体层面）；(3)与组织背景相关的因素(包括物质因素(办公室安排和ICT系统，资源,时间和组织)和非物质因素(培训、工作人员,团队规模)。
对检索到的因素进行的总体分析表明，它们通过管理的先决条件作用彼此相关(即，实践领导力)和专业人员的关键作用(即履行新角色的能力)。
使用2000年1月至2015年12月以英文发表的五个相关文章的电子数据库进行了系统评价。在选择和分析的每个阶段，至少有两名独立审稿人根据PRISMA指南评估所有文章。
共检索到2256篇文章，其中19篇文章符合我们的纳入标准。从这些文章中检索到的所有组织因素都分为三个主要类别：（1）干预措施的特征（与实施该方法的工具和过程相关的因素）；（2）与人相关的因素（在个人和群体层面）；(3)与组织背景相关的因素(包括物质因素(办公室安排和ICT系统，资源,时间和组织)和非物质因素(培训、工作人员,团队规模)。
对检索到的因素进行的总体分析表明，它们通过管理的先决条件作用彼此相关(即，实践领导力)和专业人员的关键作用(即履行新角色的能力)。
