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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To report presence of Leishmania major in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan, where cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic and was thought to be caused by Leishmania tropica only.
METHODS: Biopsy samples from 432 CL suspected patients were collected from 3 southern districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during years 2011-2016. Microscopy on Giemsa stained slides were done followed by amplification of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 gene.
RESULTS: Leishmania amastigotes were detected by microscopy in 308 of 432 samples (71.3%) while 374 out of 432 samples (86.6%) were positive by ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 PCR. Subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism confirmed L. tropica in 351 and L. major in 6 biopsy samples.
CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first molecular characterization of Leishmania species in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It confirmed the previous assumptions that anthroponotic CL is the major CL form present in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Furthermore, this is the first report of L. major from a classical anthroponotic CL endemic focus identified in rural areas of Kohat district in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
METHODS: Biopsy samples from 432 CL suspected patients were collected from 3 southern districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during years 2011-2016. Microscopy on Giemsa stained slides were done followed by amplification of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 gene.
RESULTS: Leishmania amastigotes were detected by microscopy in 308 of 432 samples (71.3%) while 374 out of 432 samples (86.6%) were positive by ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 PCR. Subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism confirmed L. tropica in 351 and L. major in 6 biopsy samples.
CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first molecular characterization of Leishmania species in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It confirmed the previous assumptions that anthroponotic CL is the major CL form present in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Furthermore, this is the first report of L. major from a classical anthroponotic CL endemic focus identified in rural areas of Kohat district in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
摘要：
目的：报告巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省的主要利什曼原虫的存在，皮肤利什曼病（CL）是地方性的，被认为仅由热带利什曼病引起。
方法：在2011-2016年期间，从开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省南部3个地区收集了432名CL疑似患者的活检样本。在Giemsa染色的载玻片上进行显微镜检查，然后扩增核糖体内部转录的间隔区1基因。
结果：在432个样品中的308个（71.3％），而在432个样品中的374个（86.6％）通过核糖体内部转录间隔区1PCR阳性。随后的限制性片段长度多态性证实了351个中的热带乳杆菌和6个活检样品中的主要乳杆菌。
结论：这项研究是开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省南部利什曼原虫物种的第一个分子特征。它证实了先前的假设，即在开伯尔·普赫图赫瓦省存在的主要的CL形式是无血清CL。此外，这是在开伯尔·普赫图赫瓦省南部Kohat地区的农村地区发现的典型的降肌痛CL地方病重点的L.major报告。
方法：在2011-2016年期间，从开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省南部3个地区收集了432名CL疑似患者的活检样本。在Giemsa染色的载玻片上进行显微镜检查，然后扩增核糖体内部转录的间隔区1基因。
结果：在432个样品中的308个（71.3％），而在432个样品中的374个（86.6％）通过核糖体内部转录间隔区1PCR阳性。随后的限制性片段长度多态性证实了351个中的热带乳杆菌和6个活检样品中的主要乳杆菌。
结论：这项研究是开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省南部利什曼原虫物种的第一个分子特征。它证实了先前的假设，即在开伯尔·普赫图赫瓦省存在的主要的CL形式是无血清CL。此外，这是在开伯尔·普赫图赫瓦省南部Kohat地区的农村地区发现的典型的降肌痛CL地方病重点的L.major报告。
