PDF(Sci-hub)
Abstract：
Isolated from a wide range of sources, the genus Paenibacillus comprises bacterial species relevant to humans, animals, plants, and the environment. Many Paenibacillus species can promote crop growth directly via biological nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, production of the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and release of siderophores that enable iron acquisition. They can also offer protection against insect herbivores and phytopathogens, including bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and viruses. This is accomplished by the production of a variety of antimicrobials and insecticides, and by triggering a hypersensitive defensive response of the plant, known as induced systemic resistance (ISR). Paenibacillus-derived antimicrobials also have applications in medicine, including polymyxins and fusaricidins, which are nonribosomal lipopeptides first isolated from strains of Paenibacillus polymyxa. Other useful molecules include exo-polysaccharides (EPS) and enzymes such as amylases, cellulases, hemicellulases, lipases, pectinases, oxygenases, dehydrogenases, lignin-modifying enzymes, and mutanases, which may have applications for detergents, food and feed, textiles, paper, biofuel, and healthcare. On the negative side, Paenibacillus larvae is the causative agent of American Foulbrood, a lethal disease of honeybees, while a variety of species are opportunistic infectors of humans, and others cause spoilage of pasteurized dairy products. This broad review summarizes the major positive and negative impacts of Paenibacillus: its realised and prospective contributions to agriculture, medicine, process manufacturing, and bioremediation, as well as its impacts due to pathogenicity and food spoilage. This review also includes detailed information in Additional files 1, 2, 3 for major known Paenibacillus species with their locations of isolation, genome sequencing projects, patents, and industrially significant compounds and enzymes. Paenibacillus will, over time, play increasingly important roles in sustainable agriculture and industrial biotechnology.
摘要：
从广泛的来源中分离出来，类芽孢杆菌属包括与人类相关的细菌物种，动物,植物,和环境。许多类芽孢杆菌可以通过生物固氮直接促进作物生长，磷酸盐溶解，植物激素吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）的生产，和铁载体的释放，使铁的获取。它们还可以提供针对昆虫食草动物和植物病原体的保护，包括细菌,真菌,线虫,和病毒。这是通过生产各种抗菌剂和杀虫剂来实现的，通过引发植物的超敏防御反应，被称为诱导性系统抗性(ISR)。类芽孢杆菌衍生的抗微生物剂在医学中也有应用，包括多粘菌素和镰刀素，它们是首先从多粘类芽孢杆菌菌株中分离出的非核糖体脂肽。其他有用的分子包括外多糖（EPS）和酶，例如淀粉酶，纤维素酶,半纤维素酶,脂肪酶，果胶酶,加氧酶，脱氢酶，木质素修饰酶，和突变酶，可能有洗涤剂的应用，食物和饲料,纺织品,paper,生物燃料,和医疗保健。消极的一面,类芽孢杆菌幼虫是美国Foulbrood的病原体，蜜蜂的一种致命疾病，虽然各种物种都是人类的机会性感染者，和其他导致巴氏杀菌乳制品腐败。这篇广泛的综述总结了Paenibacillus的主要积极和消极影响：它对农业的实现和预期贡献，医学,过程制造，和生物修复，以及由于致病性和食物腐败而产生的影响。这篇综述还包括了其他文件1、2、3中的详细信息，这些文件中主要的已知类芽孢杆菌属及其分离位置，基因组测序项目，专利,和工业上重要的化合物和酶。拟杆菌会,随着时间的推移,在可持续农业和工业生物技术中发挥着越来越重要的作用。
