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Abstract：
The initiation of sexual development in the important edible and medicinal mushroom Flammulina velutipes is controlled by special genes at two different, independent, mating type (MAT) loci: HD and PR. We expanded our understanding of the F. velutipes mating type system by analyzing the MAT loci from a series of strains. The HD locus of F. velutipes houses homeodomain genes (Hd genes) on two separated locations: sublocus HD-a and HD-b. The HD-b subloci contained strain-specific Hd1/Hd2 gene pairs, and crosses between strains with different HD-b subloci indicated a role in mating. The function of the HD-a sublocus remained undecided. Many, but not all strains contained the same conserved Hd2 gene at the HD-a sublocus. The HD locus usually segregated as a whole, though we did detect one new HD locus with a HD-a sublocus from one parental strain, and a HD-b sublocus from the other. The PR locus of F. velutipes contained pheromone receptor (STE3) and pheromone precursor (Pp) genes at two locations, sublocus PR-a and PR-b. PR-a and PR-b both contained sets of strain-specific STE3 and Pp genes, indicating a role in mating. PR-a and PR-b cosegregated in our experiments. However, the identification of additional strains with identical PR-a, yet different PR-b subloci, demonstrated that PR subloci can recombine within the PR locus. In conclusion, at least three of the four MAT subloci seem to participate in mating, and new HD and PR loci can be generated through intralocus recombination in F. velutipes.
摘要：
重要的食用和药用蘑菇金针菇性发育的启动受两个不同的特殊基因控制，独立,交配型（MAT）基因座：HD和PR。通过分析一系列菌株的MAT基因座，我们扩展了对金针菇交配型系统的理解。金针菇的HD基因座在两个分开的位置上容纳同源结构域基因(Hd基因):亚基因座HD-a和HD-b。HD-b亚基因座包含菌株特异性Hd1/Hd2基因对，具有不同HD-b亚基因座的菌株之间的杂交表明在交配中起作用。HD-a子基因座的功能尚未确定。许多,但并非所有菌株在HD-a亚基因座处都包含相同的保守Hd2基因。HD基因座通常作为一个整体分离，尽管我们确实从一个亲本菌株中检测到了一个具有HD-a亚基因座的新HD基因座，和另一个HD-b亚基因座。金针菇的PR基因座在两个位置含有信息素受体（STE3）和信息素前体（Pp）基因，子基因座PR-a和PR-b。PR-a和PR-b都含有一组菌株特异性STE3和Pp基因，表明在交配中的作用。PR-a和PR-b在我们的实验中被分离。然而,鉴定具有相同PR-a的其他菌株，然而不同的PR-b亚基因座，证明PR亚基因座可以在PR基因座内重组。总之,四个MAT亚基因座中至少有三个似乎参与交配，新的HD和PR位点可以通过晶胞内重组在金针菇中产生。
