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Abstract：
Traditional methods for addressing chronic wounds focus on correcting dysfunction by controlling extracellular elements. This review highlights technologies that take a different approach - enhancing chronic wound healing by genetic modification to wound beds. Featured cutaneous transduction/transfection methods include viral modalities (ie adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, retroviruses and lentiviruses) and conventional non-viral modalities (ie naked DNA injections, microseeding, liposomal reagents, particle bombardment and electroporation). Also explored are emerging technologies, focusing on the exciting capabilities of wound diagnostics such as pyrosequencing as well as site-specific nuclease editing tools such as CRISPR-Cas9 used to both transiently and permanently genetically modify resident wound bed cells. Additionally, new non-viral transfection methods (ie conjugated nanoparticles, multi-electrode arrays, and microfabricated needles and nanowires) are discussed that can potentially facilitate more efficient and safe transgene delivery to skin but also represent significant advances broadly to tissue regeneration research.
摘要：
解决慢性伤口的传统方法侧重于通过控制细胞外元素来纠正功能障碍。这篇综述重点介绍了采取不同方法的技术-通过对伤口床进行遗传修饰来增强慢性伤口愈合。有特色的皮肤转导/转染方法包括病毒模式(即腺病毒，腺相关病毒，逆转录病毒和慢病毒）和常规非病毒形式（即裸DNA注射，微播种,脂质体试剂，粒子轰击和电穿孔)。还探索了新兴技术，专注于伤口诊断的令人兴奋的功能，如焦磷酸测序，以及位点特异性核酸酶编辑工具，如CRISPR-Cas9，用于瞬时和永久遗传修饰常驻伤口床细胞。此外,新的非病毒转染方法(即共轭纳米颗粒，多电极阵列，和微加工的针和纳米线）进行了讨论，可以潜在地促进更有效和安全的转基因递送到皮肤，但也代表了组织再生研究的重大进展。
