RESULTS: As molecular markers for paraptosis are not yet available, its identification was based on morphological criteria. Electron microscopy analyses revealed evident structural changes in vitellocytes associated with progressive cytoplasmatic vacuolation, swelling of the granular endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. In addition, the present study has shown that vitellocytes of L. intestinalis share numerous features in common with the members of other earliest evolved eucestodes.
CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicates that paraptotic-like cell death may occur in parasitic flatworms (Neodermata). The presence of GER-bodies in mature vitellocytes indicates close relationship between the Diphyllobothriidea, Caryophyllidea and Spathebothriidea, which are considered as the earliest evolved groups of the Eucestoda. Beyond the general similarities, however, a number of differences exist between the morphology, chemical composition and amount of these inclusions which could be due to the variations in their embryonic development, life cycle strategies and definitive host groups.
结果:由于目前尚不具备脱位的分子标记,它的鉴定是基于形态学标准。电子显微镜分析显示与进行性细胞质空泡相关的卵黄细胞明显的结构变化,颗粒内质网和线粒体肿胀。此外,本研究表明,肠乳球菌的卵黄细胞与其他最早进化的真核生物的成员具有许多共同特征。
结论:本研究表明,寄生扁虫(Neoderema)可能会发生凋亡样细胞死亡。成熟卵黄细胞中GER-体的存在表明二叶虫之间的密切关系,石竹和Spatebothriidea,被认为是Eucestoda最早进化的群体。除了一般的相似之处,然而,形态之间存在许多差异,这些内含物的化学成分和数量可能是由于胚胎发育的变化,生命周期策略和确定的主机组。