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Abstract：
In most patients, chronic open-angle glaucoma is a slowly progressive disease. Eyes with very high intraocular pressure (IOP > 30 mmHg) represent an exception to this and should be treated and followed extremely intensively. As lowering IOP is, so far, the only means of treating glaucoma, the majority of research reports deal with the IOP-lowering effect of the treatment. The primary goal of treatment, however, is to prevent glaucomatous damage to the structures and function of the eye. The effectiveness of treatment is monitored with optic disc and retinal nerve fibre layer imaging and with visual field examinations. If the glaucomatous changes are progressing, more effective treatment should be given. In the course of follow-up, it should be noted that the changes in the optic nerve structure and function appear and progress at different time-points with delays of up to several years. The assessment of abnormalities is dependent on the examination method and requires a great deal of experience on the part of the examiner. The important risk factors in glaucoma are elevated IOP (even if IOP is within normal range in half of patients ), age, positive family history, exfoliation, race and myopia.
摘要：
在大多数患者中，慢性开角型青光眼是一种缓慢进展的疾病。具有非常高的眼内压(IOP>30mmHg)的眼睛代表了这种情况的一个例外,并且应当极其密集地进行治疗和随访。就像降低IOP一样，到目前为止,治疗青光眼的唯一方法，大多数研究报告涉及治疗的降低IOP效果。治疗的首要目标,然而,是为了防止青光眼对眼睛结构和功能的损害。通过视盘和视网膜神经纤维层成像以及视野检查来监测治疗的有效性。如果青光眼的改变在进展,应该给予更有效的治疗。在后续行动中，应该注意的是，视神经结构和功能的变化在不同的时间点出现和进展，延迟长达数年。异常的评估取决于检查方法，并且需要审查员的大量经验。青光眼的重要危险因素是IOP升高（即使一半患者的IOP在正常范围内），年龄,积极的家族史，剥脱,种族和近视。
