目的:大肠埃希菌是狗和猫尿路感染(UTI)尿样中最常见的细菌之一。狗和猫的简单UTI可以用短期一线抗菌药物治疗,例如阿莫西林,阿莫西林与克拉维酸,或者甲氧苄啶/磺胺。复发性或复杂性UTI通常需要使用广谱抗生素进行长期治疗。然而,药物的选择应基于抗菌药物的敏感性。
方法:在2022年3月至9月之间,使用最低抑制浓度(MIC)测试了从66只具有UTI症状的狗和41只猫的尿液中培养的大肠杆菌分离株的耐药性。对氨苄青霉素进行了抗菌药物敏感性试验,氨苄西林/舒巴坦,头孢唑啉,头孢呋辛,氨曲南,庆大霉素,阿米卡星,粘菌素,甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑,环丙沙星,氯霉素和四环素。
结果:据记载,氨苄青霉素耐药率最高(68%的狗,100%在猫中)和氨苄西林与舒巴坦(59%在狗中,54%的猫)。大肠杆菌最常见的抗生素耐药模式是单独的氨苄西林(12个分离株,猫中29.3%)和β-内酰胺,包括氨曲南(14个分离株,狗中的21.2%)。
结论:对氨曲南的高耐药性(61%和32%的狗和猫分离株,分别),其他β-内酰胺,和氟喹诺酮类药物应引起警报,因为动物共患病的潜力和抗生素抗性微生物在动物和人类之间的交叉传播。
OBJECTIVE: Escherichia coli is one of the most common bacteria isolated from urine samples collected from dogs and cats with urinary tract infection (UTI). Uncomplicated UTIs in dogs and cats can be treated with short courses of first-line antimicrobial drugs, e.g. amoxicillin, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, or trimethoprim/sulfonamide. Recurrent or complicated UTIs often require long-term treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, the choice of drug should be based on antimicrobial susceptibility.
METHODS: Between March - September 2022, E. coli isolates cultured from the urine of 66 dogs and 41 cats with UTI symptoms were tested for antimicrobial resistance by using Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested for ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefazolin, cefuroxime, aztreonam, gentamycin, amikacin, colistin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline.
RESULTS: The highest prevalence of resistance was documented for ampicillin (68% in dogs, 100% in cats) and ampicillin with sulbactam (59% in dogs, 54% in cats). The most common antimicrobial resistance patterns of E. coli were ampicillin alone (12 isolates, 29.3% in cats) and beta-lactams, including aztreonam (14 isolates, 21.2% in dogs).
CONCLUSIONS: High resistance to aztreonam (61% and 32% of isolates from dogs and cats, respectively), other beta-lactams, and fluoroquinolones should cause be alarm due to zoonotic potential and cross-transmission of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms between animals and humans.