■这项研究的目的是调查成年人对个人听力设备(PLD)的习惯,相关因素,如耳鸣和听阈偏移,以及他们对安全措施的了解,包括在嘈杂的环境中使用听力保护器。
■设计并在线分发了横截面调查。
■邀请18至40岁的参与者完成调查。在线调查由274人填写,平均年龄为24.2岁(SD=5.1岁)。根据年龄,参与者被分为年轻人(18-23岁,151名参与者)和成年人(24-40岁,123名参与者)。噪声暴露的估计是基于PLD使用的自我报告响应计算的。此计算产生了两个类别:暴露低于80dB的参与者属于低暴露类别(N:196,62.9dB),而暴露高于80dB的参与者属于高暴露类别(N:78,89.9dB)。
■根据年龄类别,大多数问卷答案在年轻人和成年人之间是相似的,在使用他们的PLD时揭示了类似的习惯。然而,基于暴露的调查揭示了差异,因为高暴露水平的参与者更有可能有涉及噪音的爱好,他们不太可能获得听力评估。在参与者中,30%的人每天以最大音量使用他们的设备。33.5%的人报告听力恶化,2.4%报告持续耳鸣,94.1%的人知道听力保护器可用,但只有20.7%的人报告使用听力保护器。
■该研究得出的结论是,由于不安全的听力习惯,成年人有听力损失的风险。知识和实践之间的差异是显而易见的,需要通过提高对听力损失的认识来解决,听力保护和年度听力评估。
UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to investigate adults\' habits regarding personal listening devices (PLDs), associated factors such as tinnitus and hearing threshold shift, and their knowledge of safety measures, including the use of hearing protectors in noisy environments.
UNASSIGNED: A cross-sectional survey was designed and distributed online.
UNASSIGNED: Participants between the ages of 18 and 40 years were invited to complete the survey. The online survey was filled out by 274 individuals with an average age of 24.2 years (SD= 5.1 years). Based on age, the participants were grouped into young adults (18-23 years old, 151 participants) and adults (24-40 years old, 123 participants). The estimation of noise exposure was calculated based on self-reported responses of PLD use. Two categories emerged from this calculation: the participants with exposure lower than 80 dB were in the low exposure category (N: 196, 62.9 dB), while the participants with exposure higher than 80 dB were in the high exposure category (N: 78, 89.9 dB).
UNASSIGNED: Based on the age categories, most of the questionnaire answers were similar between the young adults and the adults, revealing similar habits in using their PLDs. However, the investigation based on exposure revealed differences, as the participants with high exposure levels were more likely to have hobbies that involved noise, and they were less likely to obtain hearing evaluations. Among the participants, 30% used their devices at the maximum volume level and on a daily basis. 33.5% reported experiencing worsening in hearing, 2.4% reported persistent tinnitus, 94.1% knew that hearing protectors were available but only 20.7% reported using hearing protectors.
UNASSIGNED: The study concludes that adults are at risk of hearing loss due to unsafe listening habits. A discrepancy between knowledge and practice is apparent and needs to be addressed in young adults by increasing awareness of hearing loss, hearing protection and annual hearing evaluation.